Materials Literature
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We propose a bistable liquid crystal mode based on switching of the twist direction in a conventional π/2-twisted nematic cell. Switching between the −π/2 and +π/2 twist states can be performed by applying vertical and/or in-plane electric fields. The proposed bistable mode has an infinite memory time because the two…
Numerical simulation of elastic human body deformation and garment pressure distribution is critical for optimal design of apparel products. This paper reports an analytical study of the relationship between pressure and displacement at the top part of a man’s sock using a finite element method (FEM). Through three-di…
In order to determine if its magnetic topology is actually two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D), the mechanism of the magnetic interaction in (5MAP)(2)CuBr(4), a previously thought quasi-2D antiferromagnet, is re-examined using the first-principles bottom-up methodology. Once the magnitude and sign of all unique magne…
Glassy thin films of water, methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol were prepared by deposition from the gas phase at 20 K. Relaxation of their surface and bulk structures was investigated by measuring temperature evolutions of H(+), H(-), and total yields in low-energy H(2)(+) scattering. The surface structure of a methano…
Effects of injection temperature on thermal degradation and porosity of the bagasse/polypropylene injection molding composites were studied. Above 185 ºC, incomplete filling occurred. The incomplete filling increased with increase of injection temperature. It was found that the gas generated by thermal degradation of…
Fiber morphology has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of fiber/polymer composites. The performance of nine types of long wood fibers (initial aspect ratio of >40), two long agricultural fibers (initial aspect ratio of >40), and one short fiber wood flour (initial aspect ratio of = 5—10) are comp…
In this work, we realize a low loss negative refraction using indefinite metamaterial of a close arrangement of split-ring resonator (SRR) arrays. A beam shift experiment has been performed to verify the negative refraction and demonstrate the low loss property. The enhanced magnetic resonance between two neighbouring…
A conducting polymer, polyaniline (PANI), was synthesized in the presence of dispersed pulp fibers in the polymerization reaction to yield PANI/pulp composite fibers, which were then formed into a conducting paper sheet. The paper surface was observed using scanning electron microscopy, and electrical conductivity and…
Multiple exciton generation has the promise of improving photovoltaic device efficiency. However, occurrence of this phenomenon in semiconductor nanocrystals is controversial. Using the Pariser−Parr−Pople Hamiltonian and an impact ionization mechanism, we examined over 800 finite graphene nanostructures and have ident…
A comparison is made between the {112̅0} and {101̅0} hexagonal prisms of calcite crystal. The first one exhibits a strong flat (F) character, while the second one is a stepped (S) form, in the sense of Hartman−Perdok theory. Athermal surface energies were calculated by means of the Rohl interatomic potential for calci…
Structures of [AuSe(2)P(OR)(2)](2) (R = (i)Pr, 1; Et, 2), the first homoleptic dinuclear gold(I) bridged by phosphorodiselenoates, are reported along with their intriguing photoluminescent properties, which display multiple emissions as well as thermochromism.
Differential scanning calorimetry studies of the reaction of a cyclolinear polycarbosilane [cyclo-(CH 3 Si(CH 2 ) 2 SiCH 3 )-(CH 2 ) 6 ] n on air-exposed Cu surfaces reveal a substantial enhancement of the cross-linking rate compared to noncatalytic surfaces, e.g., Au, Ag, Al, Si. The increased rate is attributed to s…
Tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) films with Sn/In atomic ratios in the range 0−0.1 were synthesized by electrochemically assisted deposition (EAD). The process involves a fast one-step cathodic deposition of a highly crystalline In−Sn hydroxide (InSnOH) film followed by thermal conversion into ITO at 300 °C. The cathodic…
To understand the reaction mechanisms taking place by growing carbon nanotubes via the catalytic chemical vapor deposition process, a strategy to monitor in situ the gas phase at reaction conditions was developed applying linear Raman spectroscopy. The simultaneous determination of the gas temperature and composition…
The Klein tunneling of charge pairs in an electrostatically created p-n junction of monolayer graphene is shown to occur at an observable rate for moderate fields. The pairs undergo zitterbewegung (ZBW) in opposite directions leading to their separation and transverse dipole moment, since the valleys contribute constr…
Tunnel barrier photoelectrodes, with a thin inorganic tunnel barrier layer that isolates the semiconductor electrode from the electrolyte while allowing current flow across the interface, are a possible solution to the problem of photocorrosion in solar water splitting. In this approach, selection of the semiconductor…
Charge transport in a multilayer hybrid electroluminescence (EL) device containing CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in hole-transporting poly(N-vinylcarbozole) (PVK) layer was investigated. The current-voltage (I-V) curve exhibited resistive transition at low bias voltage and a negative differential resistance reg…
Doping orthorhombic SrZrO(3) at 12.5% of the Zr sites with Al(3+) leads to a local squaring of the lattice, while doping with larger Y(3+) increases local octahedral distortions. Proton activation energy barriers and transition state theory prefactors are calculated. The wide range of intra-, inter-, and rotational ba…
We present our study of the dependence of surface plasmon (SP) coupled band gap emission and defect emission on the sputtering time of gold particles on ZnCdO films. Eightfold enhancement of the band gap emission from ZnCdO thin films coated with Au particles is observed, while the defect emission is completely suppre…
We demonstrated photoluminescence (PL) enhancement in single carbon nanotubes using localized surface plasmons. Single nanotube spectroscopy revealed triple the PL intensity enhancement for carbon nanotubes on rough Au surfaces as on fused silica surfaces. The PL enhancement depends on the excitation wavelength and di…