Materials Literature
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Magnetic and magnetoelastic measurements under various conditions of compressive stress and applied field have been carried out on samples with the composition Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1−xAlx)1.95, 0≤x≤0.1, prepared by a float-zone growth technique. Their magnetoelastic performances compare favorably with the highly magnetostrict…
A newly developed digital feedback wattmeter, allowing power loss measurements in soft laminations under generic induction waveform is presented. The system is intrinsically free of auto-oscillations, typical drawback of analog feedback circuits, and can therefore be operated in a wide frequency range (0.5 Hz–100 kHz)…
We present angle-resolved inverse-photoemission (IPE) spectroscopy data from the nearly perfect ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}$(110) surface. Results from two high-symmetry directions of the surface Brillouin zone, \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}-X\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} and \ensuremath{\…
While the scalar Preisach model has long served as a description of hysteretic processes, the response of ferromagnetic materials is essentially vector in character and scalar models are likely to fail in important respects for many advanced applications. A 2D vector Preisach model has been developed for the simulatio…
The frequency response of the magnitude and phase of the dynamic relative permeability of Terfenol-D (Tb0.27Dy0.73Fe2) has been measured for low drive fields (a few hundred A m−1 rms) and the energy loss per cycle determined. The data shows that when eddy current shielding is not significant, the frequency dependence…
Nickel ferrites have been produced by the rf plasma deposition technique for the first time. This technique has promise for large scale fine particle production of ferrites. Powder x-ray diffraction linewidth measurements show an average particle size of about 55 nm. Mossbauer measurements show the presence of both th…
The possibilities for fabricating solid solutions of (Ba1−x,Srx)TiO3 (x≤0.5,1.0) by crystallization of amorphous films and for improving their dielectric properties by adjusting the Sr content were investigated. Thin amorphous films were prepared from powder targets consisting of mixtures of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 by sputt…
Bithiophene is studied with varying Cs dosing as a model for the n-doping of thiophene-based conducting polymers. The evolution of the electronic structure with increasing Cs concentration is followed both indirectly, by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), and directly by ultraviolet-photoemission spectroscopy (…
A high-performance and inexpensive hysteresis loop tracer has been developed to measure quasistatic (0.02 Hz or less) hysteresis loops of soft ferromagnetic materials. It was applied very successfully to measure straight pieces of amorphous and nanocrystalline ribbons and amorphous wires. Especially high-magnetic-fiel…
High-coercivity, high-remanence permanent magnet materials have been obtained via a crystallization treatment of amorphous (Nd,Dy)xFe80.5−x−yCoyB18.5M1 alloys for 3≤x≤5 and 0≤y≤5, where M represent the additives Al, Si, Cu, Ga, Ag, and Au. It has been found that addition of Co and M results in a significant reduction…
The magnetic properties of R2Co14B1−xCx (x=0, 0.5 and R=Y, Sm) compounds have been studied by measuring the temperature dependence of the easy- and hard-magnetization curves on magnetically aligned samples between 1.5 and 300 K for Y2Co14(B,C) and at 4.2 K for Sm2Co14(B,C). The magnetic anisotropy of Y2Co14B increases…
A micromagnetic simulation program has been used to calculate the magnetoresistance of a free-standing 4 μm×1 μm×200 Å Permalloy strip for a variety of numerical hysteresis loops in which a constant bias field is applied along the easy axis and a variable field is applied along the hard, in-plane axis. The main purpos…
Magnetic properties of Sm1−xPrxCo4−yFeyB with various values of x and y have been observed mainly from the viewpoint of permanent magnet material. Pr substitution for SmCo4B results in an increase of the saturation moment; however, it leads to a decrease of the anisotropy field. The Curie temperature remains constant.…
The electronic structure of thick (>300 \AA{}) single-crystal Gd(0001) layers on W(110) has been studied by angle-resolved-photoelectron spectroscopy. Photoemission spectra measured with photon energies between 30 and 60 eV show intense 4f emission at 8.3-eV binding energy and 5d 6s--derived valence-band states wit…
The high field magnetization process in Sm2Fe17N3.0 has been investigated by using dc magnetic fields of up to 260 kOe generated by a hybrid magnet. It was found that the hard-axis magnetization at 4.2 K is only 78% of the easy-axis value in the field of 260 kOe, while at 296 K, it almost saturates at the same field,…
Hard magnetic Sm2Fe17Nx alloy powders with a coercivity of 5.6 kA/cm and a remanent polarization of 1 T, related to the density of 7.7 g/cm3, could be achieved by a combined heat treatment in hydrogen atmosphere and a successive nitrogenation. During nitrogenation SmFe3 and SmFe2 constituents decompose into SmN and αF…
Self-biased millimeter-wave circulators can be built using hexaferrite materials with high internal anisotropy field, thus avoiding the use of large and heavy permanent magnets. The design principles of these devices are considered thoroughly in the article for both below- and above-resonance circulators. The article…
It has been demonstrated that the linear-chain charge-transfer salt, decamethylferrocenium tetracyanoethanide (DMeFc)(TCNE), is a ferromagnet with a transition temperature of ∼4.8 K. This low-temperature 3D ordering has been attributed to a strong intrachain and a weak interchain interaction. To study these interactio…
Crystallographic parameters of Cr1−xMxAs (M=Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni; x≤0.1) and CrAs1−xXx (X=P and Sb; x≤0.1) have been precisely determined as a function of temperature from 77 to 320 K. Discontinuous changes of lattice parameters have been observed at the Néel temperature. By this crystallographic method, the Néel te…
Magnetization measurement for oriented single crystals of (DMe-DCNQI- d 8 ) 2 Cu (DMe-DCNQI=2,5-dimethyl- N , N ′ -dicyanoquinonediimine) revealed weak ferromagnetism with spontaneous magnetization perpendicular to the c -axis below 8 K. From the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and spin-flop-type magnetization c…