Materials Literature
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We investigated the use of a deep-etched fused-silica grating with triangular-shaped grooves as a highly efficient polarizing beam splitter (PBS). A triangular-groove PBS grating is designed at a wavelength of 1550 nm to be used in optical communication. When it is illuminated in Littrow mounting, the transmitted TE-…
Here we introduce a promising thermoelectric material: Ga2Te3 with unexpectedly low thermal conductivity, in which certain kinds of superlattice structures naturally form. Two-dimensional vacancy planes with approximately 3.5nm intervals exist in Ga2Te3, scattering phonons efficiently and leading to a very low thermal…
The design of effective pH responsive MRI contrast agents is a key goal in the development of new diagnostic methods for conditions such as kidney disease and cancer. A key factor determining the effectiveness of an agent is the difference between the relaxivity of the "on" state compared to that of the "off" state. I…
Piezoelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thick film with the thickness around 10μm has been deposited on the (111) Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrate using a ceramic powder/sol-gel solution modified composite method. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the film was in the well-crystallized perovskit…
n - Zn O ∕ Si O x ∕ n - Si and n-ZnO∕SiOx∕p-Si heterostructured light-emitting diodes have been fabricated using metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition for a comparison study. n-ZnO∕SiOx∕p-Si heterostructures show diodelike rectifying current-voltage characteristic with low breakdown voltage, while n-ZnO∕SiOx∕n-Si he…
With the existence of depletion layer, the intrinsic donor defect structure of ZnO ceramics has been investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in a wide temperature range. Two loss peaks originating from electronic relaxation of oxygen vacancy and zinc interstitial, respectively, are observed in ZnO ceramics s…
A first-principles study has been carried out to evaluate the electronic and optical properties of rutile Ti1−xCdxO2 as a possible photocatalytic material. It was found that Cd incorporation lead to the enhancement of p states in the top of valence band and the decrease of band gap. The optical transition between Cd p…
We study transport properties of graphene-based $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}n$ junctions irradiated by electromagnetic field (EF). The resonant interaction of propagating quasiparticles with an external monochromatic radiation opens dynamical gaps in their spectrum, resulting in a strong modification of current-voltage cha…
We investigate the vibrational stability and the electronic structure of the proposed icosahedral fullerenelike cage structure of ${\text{B}}_{80}$ [N. G. Szwacki, A. Sadrzadeh, and B. I. Yakobson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 166804 (2007)], by an all electron density-functional theory using polarized Gaussian basis function…
It is shown using a method based on a modified version of the mean field theory of Miklavic and Marcelja [J. Phys. Chem. 92, 6718 (1988)] that it should be possible for osmotic pressure due to the counterions associated with the two polyelectrolyte polymer brush coated surfaces to support a reasonable load (i.e., abou…
InAs nanowires have been actively explored as the channel material for high performance transistors owing to their high electron mobility and ease of ohmic metal contact formation. The catalytic growth of non-epitaxial InAs nanowires, however, has often relied on the use of Au colloids which is non-CMOS compatible. He…
Here we report the first-principle FLAPW-GGA calculations of the elastic properties of two related phases, namely, the ternary arsenide SrFe2As2 and the quaternary oxyarsenide LaOFeAs as the basic phases for the newly discovered "1111" and "122" 38-52K superconductors. The independent elastic constants (Cij), bulk mod…
We calculate the Overhauser frequency shifts in semiconductor nanostructures resulting from the hyperfine interaction between nonequilibrium electronic spins and nuclear spins. The frequency shifts depend on the electronic local density of states and spin polarization as well as the electronic and nuclear spin relaxat…
We study the dependence of the retrieval parameters, such as the electric permittivity, the magnetic permeability and the index of refraction, $n$, on the size of the unit cell of a periodic metamaterial. The convergence of the retrieved parameters on the number of the unit cells is also examined. We have concentrated…
Regular nanometer-scale patterning down to a few tens of nanometers and the manufacturing of diffractive optical elements in silk by using the ideas of soft lithography is reported. The unique processing of silk films makes them an ideal substrate to incorporate biological matter (such as small organics, enzymes, prot…
Nanoparticles on an atomic carpet: Individual graphene sheets have been decorated with metal nanoparticles through electrochemistry. The attachment of Pd particles onto graphene renders it sensitive to hydrogen. The controlled functionalization of graphene paves the way for various electronic applications.
A lithography-friendly self-assembly process which multiplies and rectifies an existing resist patterns is demonstrated here. A polymer film (right figure) has assembled at a 14 nm half-pitch on a thin resist pattern at twice the period (left figure). This directed self-assembly process dramatically heals defects and…
Graphene-oxide (GO) flakes have been deposited to bridge the gap between two epitaxial-graphene electrodes to produce all-graphene devices. Electrical measurements indicate the presence of Schottky barriers at the graphene/graphene-oxide junctions, as a consequence of the band gap in GO. The barrier height is found to…
Porous carbon/Co nanocomposites were fabricated by a sol-gel method. The electromagnetic parameters were measured in the 2–18GHz range. Compared with porous carbon composite, porous carbon/Co nanocomposite has larger dielectric loss due to the enhanced interfacial polarization relaxation loss and Ohmic loss. The maxim…
The development of carbon nanotube-(CNTs-)based gas sensors and sensor arrays has attracted intensive research interest in the last several years because of their potential for the selective and rapid detection of various gaseous species by novel nanostructures integrated in miniature and low-power consuming electroni…