Materials Literature
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Single crystals of Al 2 O 3 were implanted at a temperature of 25°C with magnesium ions that were accelerated at 200 keV and then annealed in oxygen gas for 15 h at 1500°C. The microstructure and composition in the implanted region were examined using analytical electron microscopy techniques, with an emphasis on iden…
Abstract Physical blends of nylon 6 (or nylon 66) homopolymer with random copolymers of nylon 6/nylon 66 or of nylon 6/nylon 12 were melt extruded into films and characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The films containing up to 50–65% of the copolymer exhibited…
Certain aspects of copper tube failure in drinking water systems are inconsistent with the “membrane cell theory” of copper pit propagation, which postulates that cathodic reactions occur immediately above the pit tubercle. To examine the basis for this theory, classic experiments of Lucey were revisited and alternati…
The ballistic performance of a 0 degrees /90 degrees ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite was investigated. Two areal densities were considered: one for fragmentation protection and one for high velocity bullet protection. The role of microscopy in the post-failure analysis of the UHMWPE was exp…
Dendrimers having alternating aryl benzyl ether and tertiary amine generations and up to 16 bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine end groups and four internal tertiary amines were synthesized by sequential etherification, amidation of secondary amines, and LiAlH 4 reduction to tertiary amines. The bis(2-methoxyethyl)amine dendrime…
The electrochemical behavior of Fe and thin, sputter‐deposited films of in phosphate‐containing solutions was studied and compared with the behavior in borate buffer and 0.1 M NaOH. In situ X‐ray absorption near edge structure was used to simultaneously monitor changes in the samples' average valency and thickness. Th…
Sulfolobus solfataricus is a hyperthermophilic archaeon growing optimally at 80-85 °C. It metabolizes glucose via a novel non-phosphorylated Entner-Doudoroff pathway, in which the reversible C6 to C3 aldol cleavage is catalysed by 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase (KDG-aldolase), generating pyruvate and glyceraldehyde.…
Abstract In the present investigation X‐ray diffraction techniques, DSC and dynamic mechanical relaxation (DMR) methods have been employed to compare the structure and thermal behaviour of Kevlar (“DuPont”, USA) and Armos (Russia) fibers. Our recent studies have indicated that the non‐crystalline phase of copolyesters…
The moduli and flow diagram of the program SIR99 are described. New phasing algorithms are proposed working both in direct and in reciprocal space. Their cooperative work is able to solve the structures of both small and large molecules. In particular, small proteins can be solved ab initio without any use of prior in…
The thermotropic liquid crystal behavior of n -alkylammonium, N, N -dimethyl- n -alkylammonium, and quaternary N, N -dimethyl- N -cyanopropyl- n -alkylammonium poly(vinylsulfonate)s was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. All the hexadecyl and oct…
The optical dephasing, caused by vibrational modulation of interactions of optical centers with defects is studied. This mechanism is essential for crystals with a substantial amount of defects, being more efficient at low temperatures than the Raman mechanism, caused by scattering of acoustic phonons at optical cente…
A corrosion rate model is developed for carbon steel in water containing CO{sub 2} at different temperatures, pH`s, CO{sub 2} fugacities and wall shear stresses. The model is based on loop experiments at temperatures from 20--160 C. The data are taken from a database containing more than 2,400 data points at various t…
The development of lamellar morphology in poly(oxymethylene) (POM) and its miscible blends was studied by synchrotron time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), during primary and secondary crystallization at temperatures near 150°C. The blends contained two different diluents: poly(vinyl 4-hydroxy styrene) [c…
A one‐dimensional mathematical model of a spirally wound lithium/thionyl chloride primary battery is developed and used for parameter estimation and design studies. The model formulation is based on the fundamental conservation laws using porous electrode theory and concentrated solution theory. The model is used to e…
In this paper, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride adduct (PIB-SA) was modified by esterification with polyethylene glycol (PEG 600, 1000 and 2000) to obtain mono- and diterminal polyoxyalkynated PIB-SA. The monoterminal products were reacted with pentamethylene-hexamine (PMHA). The structures were confirmed by FT–IR a…
The dependence of temperature and strain rate on the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced polyethylene (LDPE) composites has been investigated. The effects of fiber loading, fiber orientation, and fiber treatment on the test properties were studied. The tensile strength of the composite was…
Abstract A simple two‐step process was developed to extract and purify medium chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL‐PHA) from bacterial cells ( Pseudomonas resinovorans ) grown on lard and tallow. The process consists of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of the lyophilized cells with carbon dioxide to remove lipi…
Hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) tests were conducted on a conventional type A516-70 (UNS K02700) pressure vessel steel exposed to hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-containing diglycolamine (DGA) gas-sweetening environments. Base-line HIC and SOHIC tests were conducted in NACE…
Abstract The title complex Eu(III)(TTA) 3 (phen) (where TTA = thenoyltrifluoroacetone monoanion; phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline) has been synthesized in mixed solvents of acetone and ethanol (1:1 volume ratio) and its crystal structure has been determined by X‐ray diffraction. The complex crystals are triclinic, space gro…
Abstract The universal capabilities of high resolution spot profile analysis low energy electron diffraction for in situ studies of surface morphology and surface defects will be discussed and demonstrated. The position of the diffraction spots is used to determine lateral lattice constants, step heights and the strai…