Materials Literature
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Leather industry, one of the polluting industries because of generation of huge amount of liquid and solid wastes, also emits obnoxious smell because of degradation of proteinous material of skin and generation of gases such as NH 3 , H 2 S and CO 2 . Solid wastes are raw trimmings, fleshings, chrome shavings, buffing…
Synthetic concepts toward the synthesis of large, not-fully benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), decorated with phase-forming and solubilizing n-dodecyl chains, are presented based on the intramolecular cyclodehydrogenation reaction of suitable oligophenylene precursors. The formal addition of successive…
Defects of peripheral nerves still represent a challenge for surgical nerve reconstruction. Recent studies concentrated on replacement by artificial nerve conduits from different synthetic or biological materials. In our study, we describe for the first time the use of spider silk fibres as a new material in nerve tis…
Although composites with, e.g.nanosized SiO 2 , TiO 2 , carbon black or gold are known for a long time, an increasing number of polymer composites comprising inorganic nanoparticles have been described only in the last 15 years. Frequently employed inorganic materials include metals (e.g. gold, silver or copper), semi…
Hydrolysis of In(O-iPr)3 by 10 molar excess of water at 90 degrees C in a surfactant/solvent mixture of oleylamine/oleic acid/trioctylamine provides very small nanoparticles (<5 nm in diameter) of In(O)(OH). Subsequent in situ thermolysis of the formed In(O)(OH) nanoparticles at 350 degrees C and ambient pressure prod…
The static and high frequency dielectric tensors, Born effective charges, vibrational spectrum at the Γ point, TO-LO splitting and IR intensities of calcite CaCO 3 have been calculated with the periodic ab initio CRYSTAL program, with five different basis sets of increasing size and four different Hamiltonians (HF, LD…
We show that elastic interactions of an array of self-assembled quantum dots in a parent material matrix are markedly distinct from the elastic field created by a single point defect, and can explain the observed abrupt correlation--anticorrelation transition in semiconductor quantum dot stacks. Finite volume effects…
Melting is analyzed dynamically as a problem of localization at a liquid-solid interface. A Lindemann-like criterion of melting is derived in terms of particular vibrational amplitudes, which turn out to equal a universal quotient (about one-tenth) of the molecular spacing, at the interface. The near universality of t…
Fluid phase endocytic uptake of external solutes in plant cells was further substantiated using artificial polystyrene nano-spheres (40 nm) and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (20 nm). Both types of artificial nano-particles were taken up by sycamore-cultured cells. However, whereas polystyrene nano-spheres were delivered to th…
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) suspended in air over trenches are imaged using their intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (1.0-1.6 microm). Far-field emission from extended suspended lengths (approximately 50 microm) is both spatially and spectrally resolved, and SWNTs are classified based on the sp…
Abstract Nanoparticles of gold supported on nanocrystalline CeO 2 catalyse the isomerisation of ω‐alkynylfurans to phenols. Initial leaching of gold was observed, which could be minimised by calcining. Subsequent runs showed that once all soluble species had leached, the surface‐bound, cationic gold species is still a…
We investigated the presence of plasmalemma‐bound copper‐containing oxidases associated with the inducible iron (Fe) transport system in two diatoms of the genus Thalassiosira . Under Fe‐limiting conditions, Thalassiosira oceanica , an oceanic isolate, was able to enzymatically oxidize inorganic Fe(II) extracellularly…
The influence of ion modification using rare-earth cations on crystal structures, along with the insulating and ferroelectric properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films was investigated. Rare-earth-substituted BFO films with chemical compositions of (Bi1.00−xREx)Fe1.00O3 (x=0–0.15, RE=La and Nd) were fabricated on (111)Pt∕…
In this paper, we propose a new diffuse interface model for the study of three immiscible component incompressible viscous flows. The model is based on the Cahn-Hilliard free energy approach. The originality of our study lies in particular in the choice of the bulk free energy. We show that one must take care of this…
A biomaterial scaffold acting as a functional substitute for the native extracellular matrix provides space for cell accommodation. In this study, we seeded chondrocytes, isolated from 4- to 6-month-old calves, in 2 types of poly(L-lactide) scaffolds, composed of micro- and nanofibers, and compared the effects on cell…
Anticancer drug combinations can act synergistically or antagonistically against tumor cells in vitro depending on the ratios of the individual agents comprising the combination. The importance of drug ratios in vivo, however, has heretofore not been investigated, and combination chemotherapy treatment regimens contin…
Abstract The immobilization of catalytic groups onto a dendritic support either at the core or at the periphery gives rise to unique properties that affect rates of reaction, substrate activation or selectivity, etc. When advantageous, these properties can be classified as a positive dendrimer effect. Positive dendrim…
We present quantitative predictions of the performance of nanotubes and nanowires as antennas, including the radiation resistance, the input reactance and resistance, and antenna efficiency, as a function of frequency and nanotube length. Particular attention is paid to the quantum capacitance and kinetic inductance.…
CeO2 nanocubes (and nanorods) enclosed by six {200} planes with controlled sizes have been prepared through a facile one-pot method. The nanocubes have a strong tendency to assemble into 2D and 3D arrays with regular patterns on a substrate, which is probably driven by the dipole-dipole interaction of polar {200} plan…
P.A. Sims, D.G. Mann and L.K. Medlin. 2006. Evolution of the diatoms: insights from fossil, biological and molecular data.Phycologia 45: 361–402. DOI: 10.2216/05-22.1Molecular sequence analyses have yielded many important insights into diatom evolution, but there have been few attempts to relate these to the extensive…