Materials Literature
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Abstract Nisin was incorporated into binder solutions of acrylic polymer and vinyl acetate‐ethylene co‐polymer, and then coated on to paper. Diffusive migration of incorporated nisin and the antimicrobial activity of the polymer coatings were investigated in order to understand the way of controlling nisin migration a…
Rietveld refinement using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data revealed that the crystal structure of synthetic Na-birnessite is triclinic (C 1 ), not monoclinic as was previously reported. The Mn–O octahedra have elongated axial bonds, consistent with Jahn–Teller distortion resulting from partial occupancy by Mn…
Magnetic (static, high-frequency) and microwave-absorbing properties of Co-substituted Ni/sub 2/W hexaferrites are investigated in the frequency range of Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz). The powders of composition BaNi/sub 2-X/Co/sub X/Fe/sub 16/O/sub 27/ are prepared by calcining at 1250/spl deg/C, where the substitution ratio…
This paper describes the use of ellipsometry as a precise and accurate technique for characterizing substrates and overlayers. A brief historical development of ellipsometry and the basic principles necessary to understand how an ellipsometer works are presented. There are many examples of studies performed in address…
Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics have been fabricated by hot‐pressing and subsequent annealing under pressure with aluminum nitride (AlN) and rare‐earth oxides (Y 2 O 3 , Er 2 O 3 , and Yb 2 O 3 ) as sintering additives. The oxidation behavior of the SiC ceramics in air was characterized and compared with that of the Si…
Theoretical and laboratory studies indicate that the corrosion of mild and low-alloy steels should be a function of temperature. In practice, however, it is usually held that this cannot be discerned from actual field corrosion data, being confounded by many other influences. The present study considers data from a re…
Abstract The amorphous aluminosilicate allophane was synthesized by rapid mixing of inorganic solutions with high initial concentrations (10 – 100 mmol/l) followed by hydrothermal treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed homogeneous products having a hollow spherical amorp…
Abstract Nanocomposites based on biodegradable poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and layered silicates (montmorillonite, MMT) were prepared either by melt interaction with PCL or by in situ ring‐opening polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone as promoted by the so‐called coordination‐insertion mechanism. Both non‐modified clays (Na…
Abstract The resistance to air permeation was investigated for an intercalated clay/acrylonitrile‐butadiene copolymer nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is prepared by melt mixing the organo‐treated montmorillonite into a rubber matrix, together with peroxide curative, and crosslinked by conventional compression moldi…
This paper investigates utilizing zero span UHF PD detection. The findings suggest that the technique is a practical solution for on-line PD monitoring of transformers in the presence of noise and also permits the use of existing knowledge on PD defect signatures.
Nanocrystalline CeO 2 powders have been successfully synthesized via a carbonate precipitation method, using ammonium carbonate (AC) as the precipitant and cerium nitrate hexahydrate as the cerium source. The AC/Ce 3+ molar ratio ( R ) affects significantly precursor properties, and spherical nanoparticles can be prod…
PURPOSE: To determine whether intratumoral accumulation of liposomal doxorubicin or free unencapsulated doxorubicin is increased when combined with radio-frequency (RF) ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two 1.2-1.5-cm R3230 mammary adenocarcinomas were grown within the mammary fat pads of 19 female Fischer rats. One tu…
Applications of CoFe/sub 2/O/sub 4/ are limited due to the lack of synthesis technique to produce monodispersed, single domain and high coercivity (H/sub c/) nanoparticles. Here, we describe the growth dominant co-precipitation process to achieve high H/sub c/, with moderate magnetization at room temperature (RT) in C…
Using highly conductive Al doped ZnO (AZO) ceramic target, (001)-oriented transparent conductive AZO (Al doped ZnO) thin films are prepared by dc planar magnetron sputtering deposition on glass sheet substrates. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of the films (deposited at room temperature and annealed…
(2002). Characterization of polymer thin films with small‐angle X‐ray scattering under grazing incidence (GISAXS) Synchrotron Radiation News: Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 35-42.
Piezoresponse force microscopy has been used to investigate the nanoscale mechanism of imprint behavior of ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin films by studying the photoinduced changes in the hysteresis loops of individual grains. Illumination of the film with UV light resulted in a voltage shift opposite to that observed in f…
Abstract A concise review of papers published during the last 3 years about the synthesis, blends, processing, and applications of electronically conductive polymers, is presented in this article. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Comparison of two different ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles in terms of their intracellular cell-labeling properties of macrophages and subsequent visualization by MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultures containing the macrophage cell line P-388D1 were incubated…
We present experimental and analytical results for the pyrolysis reactions underlying the conversion of a cross‐linked polymer into an amorphous ceramic material. The activation energies, obtained from thermogravimetric data, and chemical analysis of the volatiles by mass spectroscopy are used to identify the reaction…
Abstract The effect of crystallization on the structure and morphology of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP‐MA)/clay (montmorillonite) nanocomposites (PPCNs) is presented. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements of PPCNs crystallized at different temperatures show that the extent of intercalation inc…