Materials Literature
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We have studied the microdomain morphology of thin ABC triblock copolymer films supported by a solid substrate. The films were exposed to various solvent vapors, and the effect of the solvent removal speed on the resulting morphologies is investigated. Slow solvent extraction rates lead to a parallel alignment of lame…
Poly(methyl methacrylate–maleic anhydride) [P(MMA–MAn)] with active groups, anhydrides, was synthesized by radical copolymerization. Using P(MMA–MAn) as a basic polymer, the P(MMA–MAn)/SiO2 hybrid materials were obtained by a sol–gel process in different ways. The structures of the materials were characterized by IR s…
To investigate the effect of a flame retardant on PC/ABS alloy systems, a reactive-type brominated epoxy resin was used as a flame retardant, and mixed with PC/ABS at various amount using a twin-screw extruder. The rheological, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated as a function of acrylo…
The distinct electronic states of assemblies of metallic quantum dots are discussed in a simple approximation where each dot is mimicked as an "atom" that carries one valence electron. Because of their large size, the charging energy of the dots, I = energy required to add another electron, is much smaller than for or…
The thermal and flame-retardant properties of homo- and copolyimides were evaluated. Those containing sulfone linkages in the backbone were found to be more flame retardant. Both properties were dependent on the composition. A polyimide/silica nanocomposite was obtained through sol–gel processing. The effects of the a…
Two novel series of poly(arylidene-ether)s and copoly(aryl-idene-ether)s were synthesized by polycondensation of 4,4′-diformyl-α,ω-diphenoxyalkane and 4,4′-diformyl-2,2′-dimeth-oxy-α,ω-diphenoxyalkane with cyclohexanone and/or cyclo-pentanone. The inherent viscosity of the polymers and copolymers thus prepared were in…
Upon irradiation with linearly polarized light a photoorientation process occurs in spin-coated films of polymethacrylates with 4-hexyloxyazobenzene side groups containing para methoxy and trifluoromethoxy tail groups. It results in the induction of an oblate orientational distribution perpendicular to the electric fi…
Isothermal crystallization behavior after partial or complete melting of syndiotactic polypropylene was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). On partial melting, the total concentration of predetermined nuclei was found to decrease with increasing fusion temperature and increasing time period that t…
New acrylic nanocomposites consisting of methyl methacrylate (MMA)/n-dodecylmethacrylate (LMA) copolymers and intercalated layered silicates were prepared. The silicates were based upon bentonite which was rendered organophilic by ion exchange with N,N,N,N,-dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium ions. Morphological, thermal, m…
A series of advanced epoxy resins with various epoxy equivalent weights were synthesized from a reactive phosphorus-containing diol, 2-(6-oxido-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin-6-yl)-1,4-dihydroxy phenylene and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and then cured with 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, phenol novolac, or dicyand…
The early stages of polymer melt crystallization using fractionated isotactic polypropylene ( i PP) as a model system were investigated via simultaneous synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)/wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and laser light scattering (LS) techniques. Since the crystallinity in the early s…
Radiation damage is an inherent problem in x-ray crystallography. It usually is presumed to be nonspecific and manifested as a gradual decay in the overall quality of data obtained for a given crystal as data collection proceeds. Based on third-generation synchrotron x-ray data, collected at cryogenic temperatures, we…
Blends of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) with very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE) have been studied. The blends are immiscible owing to the differences in the polarities of the component polymers. Thermal studies using a differential scanning calorimeter showed that the blending does not change the crystallinity a…
Eine stabile NdIII-Lumineszenz in einem organischen Lösungsmittel, dessen Moleküle C-H-Bindungen enthalten, wurde erstmals durch Komplexierung von NdIII mit langkettigen perfluoralkylierten Liganden wie Bis(perfluoroctylsulfonyl)aminat (pos) erreicht. Der Komplex [Nd(pos)3] hat eine Emissions-Quantenausbeute von 3.0±0…
Two different failure modes for a ferroelectric memory cell caused by imprint, the read failure due to the loss of polarization, and the write failure due to the shift of the hysteresis loop are investigated. The quasistatic hysteresis loop allows us to distinguish which failure mode is dominating in a ferroelectric r…
We report charge retention in preferentially c-axis oriented ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films on LaNiO3 by electrostatic force microscopy. The surface charge density of the PZT films was observed as a function of time in a selected area where a region is single poled and another region is reverse poled. Rete…
The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of poly( tert -butyl methacrylate) (PtBMA) Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films relative to that of spin-coated films on a silicon substrate is investigated by ellipsometry and X-ray reflectivity. The T g of spin-coated films on an oxide-free silicon wafer decreases as the film thickne…
Horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase was crystallized in the presence of its cofactor. The cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLECs) produced showed good catalytic activity without the addition of extra cofactor (see scheme). The enantioselectivity and stereochemical preference of the CLEC were the same as with the soluble en…
A way to prepare molecular electronic wires in organic media is the solubilization of one-dimensional mixed-valence complexes with varied metal species through the formation of amphiphilic supramolecular assemblies (see picture). Dissociation and reassembly of the complex was detected as thermochromism in the interval…
We have performed in situ transmission electron microscopy studies of abnormal grain growth in electroplated copper films at room temperature and 55 °C, starting minutes after the plating process by electroplating directly onto electron-transparent membranes. A kinetic analysis indicates that the grains that grow abno…