Materials Literature
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We revisit the successful scaled particle theory (SPT) of hard particle fluids, originally developed by Reiss, Frisch, and Lebowitz ( J. Chem. Phys. 1959, 31, 369). In the initial formulation of SPT, five exact conditions were derived that constrained the form of the central function G . Only three of these conditions…
Electronic polymers in aqueous media offer bioelectronic detection of biomolecular processes. Here we report fluorometric detection of calcium-induced conformational changes in calmodulin based on noncovalent assembly of calmodulin to a water-soluble zwitterionic polythiophene derivative. Assembly with calmodulin will…
Absorption and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra have been recorded for colloidal CdSe quantum dots of different sizes. We find no significant deviation between the PLE and the absorption spectra, provided appropriate corrections and sample treatment are made. This implies that there is no intrinsic wavelengt…
It is shown how the Debye rotational diffusion model of dielectric relaxation of polar molecules (which may be described in microscopic fashion as the diffusion limit of a discrete time random walk on the surface of the unit sphere) may be extended to yield the empirical Havriliak-Negami (HN) equation of anomalous die…
At the Advanced Light Source, three protein crystallography beamlines have been built that use as a source one of the three 6 T single-pole superconducting bending magnets (superbends) that were recently installed in the ring. The use of such single-pole superconducting bend magnets enables the development of a hard X…
We investigated nanoscale engine schematics composed of a carbon nanotube oscillator, motor, channel, nozzle, etc. For the fluidic gas driven carbon nanotube motor, the origination of the torque was the friction between the carbon nanotube surface and the fluidic gases. The density and flow rate of the working gas or…
Neural networks can be used generate potential energy hypersurfaces by fitting to a data set of energies at discrete geometries, as might be obtained from ab initio calculations. Prior work has shown that this method can generate accurate fits in complex systems of several dimensions. The present paper explores fundam…
Incompletely condensed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with the highly reactive group of trisodium silanolate was used for the synthesis of two initiators for atom transfer radical polymerization, one with a 2-bromoisobutyl group and the other with a chlorosulfonyl group. These initiators were applied to s…
Low-dimensional nanostructures of $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ thin films with the interesting features of the tetragonal rutile structure have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The microstructural evolution of nanocrystalline $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ thin films has been investigated using x-ray diffract…
We have investigated the growth by molecular-beam epitaxy of the II-VI diluted magnetic semiconductor (Zn,Mn)Se on As-passivated Si(100) substrates. The growth start has been optimized by using low-temperature epitaxy. Surface properties were assessed by Nomarski and scanning electron microscopy. Optical properties of…
Exploring the use of individual molecules as active components in electronic devices has been at the forefront of nanoelectronics research in recent years. Compared to semiconductor microelectronics, modeling transport in single-molecule devices is much more difficult due to the necessity of including the effects of t…
In small-angle X-ray scattering experiments at high-brilliant synchrotron sources, protein aggregation results from radiation damage. The radiation-induced aggregation of lysozyme in solution was qualitatively evaluated based on forward scattering and radii of gyration. The scattering did not change below 400 Gy and i…
Jackson covers the kinetic processes that govern the formation of solids.He connects the basic processes at the atomic level to material properties.Diffusion processes during crystal growth and phase transitions are discussed, along with approaches often used to approximate the complex mathematics.An emphasis is place…
It has recently been shown by NMR techniques that in the high-temperature cubic phase of ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ the $\mathrm{Ti}$ ions are not confined to the high-symmetry cubic sites, but rather occupy one of the eight off-center positions along the $[111]$ directions. The off-center $\mathrm{Ti}$ picture is in appa…
The morphological richness of electrochemical semiconductor etching is not sufficiently counterparted yet by theoretical modeling. This paper investigates a minimal version of the Current-Burst model with Aging of Föll and Carstensen and demonstrates for a restricted geometry that the Aging concept is essential for un…
We show that a two-dimensional polaritonic crystal, made of metallic rods that support well defined plasmon oscillations, can act in a narrow frequency range as a medium in which a negative refraction and subwavelength lensing can occur. We show that surface modes are excited on the surface of the lens, and that they…
Surprisingly large spontaneous electric dipole moments recently observed in homonuclear niobium clusters below 100 K (Moro el. al. Science 300, 1265 (2003)) are explained using first-principles electronic structure calculations. The calculated moments for Nb(n) (n <= 15) closely follow the experimental data in which l…
Results of magnetisation measurements on p-type zincblende-(Ga,Mn)N are reported. In addition to a small high temperature ferromagnetic signal, we detect ferromagnetic correlation among the remaining Mn ions, which we assign to the onset of hole-mediated ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)N.
We report the results of ac and dc magnetic susceptibility (chi) and electrical resistivity (rho) measurements on the single crystals of Er2PdSi3, crystallizing in an AlB2-derived hexagonal structure, for two orientations H//[0001] and H//[2 -1 -1 0]. For H//[0001], there are apparently two magnetic transitions as rev…
The accepted approximation used to describe quantum interference patterns at steps is shown to be incorrect. As a result, electron lifetimes determined using it are in error by a factor 2.