Materials Literature
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Self-consistent field theory is used to investigate the density profile of diblock copolymer melts in a thin film confined between two surfaces, one of which carries a chemically active pattern. The temperature is slowly lowered through the critical point in order to obtain well organized structures. For strong surfac…
We studied the thermodynamics in a single homopolymer chain using a multicanonical Monte Carlo simulation. A polymer chain that exhibits an elongated coil state in a good solvent, or at high temperatures, collapses into a condensed state, i.e., coil–globule transition. For flexible polymer chains, as the temperature d…
Within the framework of a study on the properties of carbon nanotubes, a promising new material, we performed numerical simulation of hydrogen adsorption at room temperature in single-walled nanotubes. The structure of this material is favorable to the adsorption phenomenon because of the narrow size distribution of t…
A surface-controlled electro-optic device using a nematic liquid crystal enclosed between two thin spaced glass plates is presented. Modulation angles of the optic axis up to more than 70° can be achieved even for small applied voltages. The switching of the optic axis occurs with a large component in the plane of the…
The authors have succeeded in observing the dielectric anomaly in ferroelectric strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT) thin films, and studied how it varies with film composition. For a stoichiometric SBT film, the dielectric anomaly was diffused, and the Curie temperature (Tc) was approximately 260 °C, which is lower than…
A memory-type colour reflective display device is proposed. Introducing smectic liquid crystal to holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) successfully produced a memory function while keeping the advantages of HPDLC. This device is electrically writable and thermally erasable. It was able to maintain the…
A partial discharge model has been developed to simulate experimental partial discharge activity within electrical tree structures grown in polymeric based insulation. A pin plane electrode arrangement and tree were defined on a grid representing an area 2 mm by 2.1 mm. A sinusoidal 50 Hz voltage was applied to the pi…
We have investigated transport properties across interfaces between the conducting ferromagnetic oxides SrRuO3, La0.5Sr0.5CoO3, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, and the metals Nb, Al, Pd, and Au. The interface resistances range from smaller than 10−8 to 102 Ω cm2, depending on the choice of ferromagnetic oxide and metal. The three c…
In this letter, we report the results obtained on polycrystalline silicon thin films using Raman spectrometry in resonance with the silicon direct band gap. First, we show that accurate information about crystallites can be obtained in these experimental conditions, without any deconvolution of Raman spectra. Second,…
On illumination, selenium deposited on nanoporous n- transfers photogenerated electrons into . When p-CuCNS is coated on top of the selenium deposited on nanoporous n- , holes are directed into the p-CuCNS. A photovoltaic cell of nanoporous n- /selenium/p-CuCNS based on the above charge transfer process generates a ph…
Ethanol is known to form two different kinds of glassy state, namely a structural glass and a glassy crystal, both showing the same glass transition temperature . The molecular dynamics in the different phases (supercooled liquid/plastic crystal) and during the corresponding phase transition is studied by dielectric s…
We have investigated the effect of substrate temperature on the growth rate and properties of nanocrystalline diamond thin films prepared by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition on (100) Si from a 1% methane (CH4) precursor in argon (Ar). In previous work we have shown that the carbon dimer C2 is the do…
During the later stages of plastic deformation, strain hardening of face-centered cubic metals goes along with the formation of cellular dislocation patterns appearing on various scales. The paper presents an analysis of the fractal geometry of these dislocation structures. A theoretical model is presented according t…
We study the phase behavior of a charged two-dimensional colloidal system in the presence of a periodic light field composed of two interfering laser beams. Above a certain light intensity, the light field initiates a liquid-solid transition. This effect is known as light-induced freezing. When the light field is incr…
Recent developments in off-lattice self-consistent-field theories for inhomogeneous complex fluids are reviewed. Particular emphasis is given to the treatment of intermolecular interactions and compressibility, to the role of fluctuations, and to the discussion of the coarse-graining length which is inherent to the th…
Using a recently developed algorithm for generic rigidity of two-dimensional graphs, we analyze rigidity and connectivity percolation transitions in two dimensions on lattices of linear size up to L=4096. We compare three different universality classes: The generic rigidity class; the connectivity class and; the gener…
A theoretical study is given of a new type of optical vortex in nonlinear anisotropic media. This is called an ``optical spin vortex'', which is realized as a special solution of the two-component non-linear Schrödinger equation. The existence of spin vortex is inherent in the spin texture that is caused by the anisot…
A variational formulation of the time-dependent linear response based on the Sternheimer method is developed in order to make practical ab initio calculations of dynamical spin susceptibilities of solids. Using gradient density functional and a muffin-tin-orbital representation, the efficiency of the approach is demon…
The density of states in the vicinity of the Fermi level of single-wall carbon nanotubes can be expressed in terms of a universal relationship that depends only on whether the nanotube is metallic or semiconducting. We compare the predictions of this approximate relationship with densities of states calculated using f…
While bulk crystallization from impure solutions is used industrially as a purification step for a wide variety of materials, it is a technique that has rarely been used for proteins. Proteins have a reputation for being difficult to crystallize and high purity of the initial crystallization solution is considered par…