Materials Literature
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A critical review is presented of recent experimental and theoretical work on the steady sedimentation of particulate suspensions in viscous fluids. The point of view is that of a practitioner of non-equilibrium statistical physics rather than classical fluid mechanics.
The helical structure of the B 4 phase in the banana-shaped molecules, the 1,3-benzene bis[4-(4-n-alkoxyphenyliminomethyl) benzoate] (P- n -O-PIMB) series, has been studied by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and circular dichroism for homogeneously and homeotropically aligned cells. The homogeneously al…
Single-dot microscopy has been employed to unravel the electronic interactions between nanoscopic surfaces and adsorbed molecules. It is illustrated that the blinking effect of single nanocrystals changes in the presence of oxygen. The influence of the surrounding atmosphere as well as illumination on the fluorescence…
The rapid increase in the development of medical devices using nearly equiatomic Ni–Ti alloys (Nitinol) provides evidence of their advantages as biomaterials. Two generic properties of Nitinol, thermally induced shape recovery and superelasticity, are successfully employed for medical uses. However, several aspects of…
Nanocrystalline titanium and indium oxides and TiO 2 −In 2 O 3 composites have been prepared by sol−gel technique using concentrated hydrous titanium dioxide and indium hydroxide sols. Structure, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties of the composites with different molar ratios of TiO 2 to In 2 O 3 have been s…
Er3+-doped and Er3+/Yb3+-codoped Na2O·Ca3Al2Ge3O12 glasses that are suitable for use in optical waveguide devices have been fabricated and characterized. The density, the refractive indices, the optical absorption, the Judd–Ofelt parameters, and the spontaneous transition probabilities of the glasses have been measure…
Abstract Rubber compounds based on butadiene rubber (BR) or styrene—butadiene rubber (SBR) containing organophilic layered silicates were prepared. Organophilic silicates were swollen in a rubber/toluene solution. Matrix—filler reactive bonding was performed by adding bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfan (TESPT) duri…
On short time scales, the diffusion of mobile ions in glasses is nonrandom, i.e., the ions perform correlated forward-backward motions. By using linear response theory, we show in detail how typical distances characterizing the spatial extent of the nonrandom ionic diffusion can be derived from frequency-dependent con…
With the purpose of creating ZnO-based amorphous transparent conductors, a range of amorphous films InGaoO3(ZnO)m (where m ≤ 4) was prepared using a pulsed-laser deposition method. The resulting films exhibited an optical bandgap of 2.8-3.0 eV, and an n-type electric conductivity of 170-400 Scm−1 at room temperature,…
The first time-dependent DFT study of the excited states of ZnPc is presented. The theoretical results provide an accurate description of the UV−vis and vacuum−UV spectra and prove to be in excellent agreement with gas-phase spectra and generally in line with deconvolution analyses of solution and Ar/matrix absorption…
Piezoelectric response nonlinearity is approached using the Preisach description of hysteretic systems as collection of distributed bistable units. The Preisach model and its recent physical interpretation in terms of moving domain wall in a stochastically described pinning field are reviewed. It is shown that such an…
Zircon crystals synthesized in a Li-Mo oxide melt and doped with trivalent lanthanides and Y (REE), both with and without P, were examined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). REE are incorporated into the Zr site in the zircon structure, and some Zr appears to be displaced to the Si site. Crystals doped with mi…
Abstract This document is the first published by the IUPAC Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature dealing specifically with liquid crystals. Because of the breadth of its scope, it has been prepared in collaboration with representatives of the International Liquid Crystal Society. The document gives definitions of…
NOESY-HSQC 3D-NMR and NOESY 2D-NMR techniques have been used on a 750 MHz spectrometer to study the chain conformations of different generation DAB dendrimers (poly[propylene imine] dendrimers) in chloroform and benzene solutions. The high-field multidimensional NMR techniques provided the chemical shift dispersion ne…
SiCO glasses prepared from sol–gel precursors via pyrolysis in argon at temperatures ranging from 1000° to 1400°C were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in conjunction with electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS). EELS analysis showed that stoichiometric SiCO glass underwent phase separation, forming…
Electrochromic polymers capable of modulating both visible and infrared light are investigated here. Devices based on these materials can be reversibly switched from the neutral state to the p-doped state with a concomitant color change (see Figure) over a broad range of spectral energies.
Abstract Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was treated in a low‐power plasma using a series of feed gases (O 2 , Ar, N 2 and NH 3 ) and the resulting surface modifications were evaluated by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, static secondary ion mass spectroscopy, dynamic contact angle measurements and atomic force micros…
A spray drying method was used to produce a silica powder that contained ordered mesopores. A colloidal mixture of silica nanoparticles and polystyrene latex nanoparticles was mixed and sprayed as droplets into a vertical reactor that contained two temperature zones. The solvent in the droplets was evaporated at the f…
This letter presents the first direct measurement of the length scale of dynamic heterogeneity in a low molecular weight glass former without the perturbing effect of probe molecules or confinement. Using a multidimensional C13 solid-state exchange NMR experiment, 1 nm heterogeneities were found in glycerol for temper…
Crystal electric fields for the cubic point groups are reexamined and it is found that the new term O 6 2 - O 6 6 is nonvanishing for the cubic point groups T h and T due to the lack of Umklappung and fourfold symmetry axis of the point group O h . The eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the crystal electric field for 4…