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Performance of Selected Clothing Systems under Subzero Conditions: Determination of Performance by a Human-Clothing-Environment Simulator

Eunae Kim、Sang-Hwa Yoo、Huen Sup Shim2006-04-01Textile Research Journal

It is necessary to measure the performance of outdoor/protective clothing materials in terms of comfort properties under dynamic enduse conditions. A vertical type human-clothing-environment simulator was used to evaluate the thermal comfort performance of layered textile materials under dynamic conditions. Fabric lay…

Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing TechnologiesThermoregulation and physiological responsesTextile materials and evaluations

Ultrafast exciton dynamics in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes¶

Ying‐Zhong Ma、Leonas Valkūnas、S. L. Dexheimer§ 等 4 位作者2006-04-01Molecular Physics

To define the origin of the electronic excited states of single-walled carbon nanotubes, femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion and frequency-resolved transient absorption measurements were used for selective excitation/probing of particular nanotubes in a micelle-dispersed preparation enriched with individual nanotub…

Carbon Nanotubes in CompositesFullerene Chemistry and ApplicationsMechanical and Optical Resonators

Compton scattering tomography for agricultural measurements

Paulo E. Cruvinel、F.A. Balogun2006-04-01Engenharia Agrícola

This paper presents a new approach in tomographic instrumentation for agriculture based on Compton scattering, which allows for the simultaneous measurements of density and moisture of soil samples. Compton tomography is a technique that can be used to obtain a spatial map of electronic density of samples. Quantitativ…

Medical Imaging Techniques and ApplicationsRadioactivity and Radon MeasurementsRadiation Shielding Materials Analysis

Corrosion Resistance of Injection-Molded 17-4PH Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution

Isolda Costa、César V. Franco、Clarice Terui Kunioshi 等 4 位作者2006-04-01CORROSION

The corrosion resistance of 17-4PH powder injection-molded (PIM) martensitic stainless steel (SS) was evaluated in naturally aerated sodium chloride (NaCl) solution (3 wt%) at 25°C. This resistance was investigated by analyzing the curves of the evolution of open-circuit potential with time (Eocp vs. time), electroche…

Corrosion Behavior and InhibitionMicrostructure and Mechanical Properties of SteelsHydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals

The Preparation of Piezoelectric ZnO Films by RF Magnetron Sputtering for Layered Surface Acoustic Wave Device Applications

Day-Shan Liu、Cheng‐Yang Wu、Chia-Sheng Sheu 等 5 位作者2006-04-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

The Preparation of Piezoelectric ZnO Films by RF Magnetron Sputtering for Layered Surface Acoustic Wave Device Applications, Liu, Day-Shan, Wu, Cheng-Yang, Sheu, Chia-Sheng, Tsai, Fu-Chun, Li, Cheng-Hsien

ZnO doping and propertiesAdvanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting MaterialsAcoustic Wave Resonator Technologies

Mechanism of strain hardening and dislocation-structure formation in metals subjected to severe plastic deformation

G. A. Malygin2006-04-01Physics of the Solid State

The equations of dislocation kinetics are used to theoretically analyze the mechanism of strain hardening and the formation of fragmented dislocation structures in metals at large plastic strains. A quantitative analysis of the available data on aluminum and an aluminum-magnesium alloy shows that strain hardening at l…

Microstructure and mechanical propertiesAdvanced materials and compositesSurface Treatment and Residual Stress

Heterogene Katalyse. Schlüsseltechnologie der chemischen Industrie

Ferdi Schüth2006-04-01Chemie in unserer Zeit

Abstract Heterogen katalysierte Reaktionen sind von enormer technischer Bedeutung. Zahlreiche Prozesse laufen an der Oberfläche fester Katalysatoren mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und Selektivität ab. Durch moderne Methoden haben wir mittlerweile detaillierte Einblicke in den Ablauf vieler katalytischer Reaktionen gewonnen…

Catalytic Processes in Materials ScienceMesoporous Materials and CatalysisCatalysis and Oxidation Reactions

Concerning the FERMO concept and Pearson's Hard and Soft acid-base principle

Rodrigo R. da Silva、Joana Mara Santos、Teodorico C. Ramalho 等 4 位作者2006-04-01Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

The FERMO concept was successfully applied to the Pearson's Hard and Soft acid-base principle for four ambidentate ligands. Using an intuitive statement based on the HOMO-LUMO approach to the hardness and softness, the FERMO-LUMO gaps correctly describe the soft and hard sites in the studied systems. Moreover, Kohn-Sh…

Machine Learning in Materials ScienceThermal and Kinetic AnalysisX-ray Diffraction in Crystallography

rRNA and Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Dynamics in Bioreactors Subjected to Feast and Famine Cycles

Dominic Frigon、Gerard Muyzer、Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht 等 4 位作者2006-04-01Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Feast and famine cycles are common in activated sludge wastewater treatment systems, and they select for bacteria that accumulate storage compounds, such as poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Previous studies have shown that variations in influent substrate concentrations force bacteria to accumulate high levels of rRNA…

Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removalbiodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesMicroplastics and Plastic Pollution

Analysis of Ferroresonant Overvoltages at Maanshan Nuclear Power Station in Taiwan

Ta‐Peng Tsao、C.C. Ning2006-04-01IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

The "318 Blackout Incident" at the Maanshan Nuclear Power Station on March 18, 2001, is considered to be the most serious event over the 24-year history of nuclear power generation in Taiwan. This paper simulates a special overvoltage phenomenon that occurred 4 h before the blackout event, which could have caused the…

Power Systems Fault DetectionMagnetic Properties and ApplicationsNon-Destructive Testing Techniques

Properties of metals at high rates of strain

Michael Edwards2006-04-01Materials Science and Technology

The literature concerning the behaviour of metals at strain rates from quasi-static to ultrahigh is reviewed. Deformation mechanisms that are operative include twinning and adiabatic shear banding. These are functions of material strength, composition and microstructure. Behaviour of metals at ultra-high strain rates…

Microstructure and mechanical propertiesMetal and Thin Film MechanicsHigh-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior

Current Development Status and Future Challenges of Ferroelectric Random Access Memory Technologies

Sungyung Lee、Kinam Kim2006-04-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

For ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) to be beneficial in future mobile devices, high-density FRAM with nm scaled cell should be developed. We have succeeded in scaling further the cell size of one-pass transistor and one-storage capacitor (1T1C) FRAM down to 0.27 µm 2 at 150 nm technology node. Owing to new S…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsPerovskite Materials and ApplicationsFerroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices

Synthetic Ag-rich tourmaline: Structure and chemistry

David London、Andreas Ertl、John M. Hughes 等 6 位作者2006-04-01American Mineralogist

Ag-rich tourmaline crystals were synthesized at 750 °C, 200 MPa H 2 O, and f O₂ = log (NNO) - 0.5, starting with an oxide mix of dravite composition to which various reagents, including AgF and AgCl, were added. Tourmaline containing up to 7.65 wt% Ag2O was synthesized, and this is the first time a tourmaline is descr…

Geological and Geochemical AnalysisCrystal Structures and PropertiesClay minerals and soil interactions

Atomic Layer Deposition of Co3O4 Thin Films Using a CoI2/O2 Precursor Combination

M. Rooth、Erik Lindahl、Anders Hårsta2006-04-01Chemical Vapor Deposition

Thin films of Co3O4 have been successfully deposited on SiO2/Si(100) and MgO(001) substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using the precursor combination CoI2/O2. The deposition temperature was found to have a strong influence on the growth rate. On SiO2/Si(100) substrates, growth rates of about 0.2 nm per cycle w…

ZnO doping and propertiesSemiconductor materials and devicesElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

Measurement of the Induced Radionuclides in Production of Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

S. Mochizuki、Y. OGATA、Kentaro Hatano 等 9 位作者2006-04-01Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

The radioactive by-products contained in an entire series of target foil, [18O]H2O and synthesis apparatus were identified and quantified. From the perspective of waste management, 60Co induced in Havar foil should be taken into consideration. Because the exempt activity of 60Co in BSS is 0.1 MBq, the used Havar foil…

Radiation Detection and Scintillator TechnologiesGraphite, nuclear technology, radiation studiesNuclear and radioactivity studies

Highly accurate ignition delay apparatus for hypergolic fuel research

Angelo J. Alfano、J. D. Mills、Ghanshyam L. Vaghjiani2006-04-01Review of Scientific Instruments

The efficient development of hypergolic fuels requires an interdisciplinary approach involving ab initio modeling, synthesis, and experimental physical chemistry. Candidate molecules must exhibit hypergolic ignition delay times that are fast enough to warrant further testing for safety and performance criteria. Hyperg…

Photochemistry and Electron Transfer StudiesLuminescence and Fluorescent MaterialsSynthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds

Texture transitions in the liquid crystalline alkyloxybenzoic acid 6OBAC

A. Sparavigna、A. Mello、B. Montrucchio2006-04-01Phase Transitions

The 4,n-alkyloxybenzoic acid 6OBAC has a very rich variety of crystalline structures and two nematic sub-phases, characterised by different textures. It is a material belonging to a family of liquid crystals formed by hydrogen bonded molecules, the 4,n-alkyloxybenzoic acids (n indicates the homologue number). The homo…

Liquid Crystal Research AdvancementsPhotonic Crystals and ApplicationsSynthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds

Calibration methods of carbon nanotube gas sensor for partial discharge detection in SF/sub 6/

Weidong Ding、Ryosuke Hayashi、Junya Suehiro 等 6 位作者2006-04-01IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation

The authors proposed a new type of gas sensor for high sensitive detection of decomposition products generated by partial discharge (PD) in SF/sub 6/ gas. The sensor employed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as gas sensing transducer and was fabricated by electrokinetic manipulation of CNTs using dielectrophoresis. Due to comp…

Carbon Nanotubes in CompositesAdvanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting MaterialsHigh voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ALLOCHALCOSELITE, Cu+Cu2+5PbO2(SeO3)2Cl5, A MINERAL WITH WELL-DEFINED Cu+ AND Cu2+ POSITIONS

Sergey V. Krivovichev、С. К. Филатов、Peter C. Burns 等 4 位作者2006-04-01The Canadian Mineralogist

Nous avons resolu la structure cristalline de l'allochalcoselite, Cu+Cu2+5Pb02(Se03)2Cl5, nouvelle espece minerale provenant des fumerolles du volcan Tolbachik, dans la peninsule de Kamchatka, en Russie, avec des donnees en diffraction X prelevees sur monocristal, traitees par methodes directes, et affinees jusqu'a un…

Crystal Structures and PropertiesX-ray Diffraction in CrystallographyInorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds

What is Syncrystallization? States of the pH Indicator Methyl Red in Crystals of Phthalic Acid

Jason B. Benedict、Dawn E. Cohen、Scott Lovell 等 5 位作者2006-04-01Journal of the American Chemical Society

The concept of syncrystallization was reinvestigated by focusing on phthalic acid (PA) grown with methyl red (MR). Crystals are alternately red and yellow in adjacent growth sectors. X-ray structures of MR and its cocrystals, revealing MR in the neutral, zwitterionic, and protonated states, as well as measurements of…

Crystallography and molecular interactionsEnzyme Structure and FunctionCrystallization and Solubility Studies