Materials Literature
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The antibacterial properties of a nanocomposite containing an electroactive polymer, polyvinyl-N-carbazole (PVK) (97 wt %), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) (3 wt %) was investigated as suspensions in water and as thin film coatings. The toxic effects of four different PVK-SWNT (97:3 wt %) nanocomposite conce…
Resonant magnetic excitations are widely recognized as hallmarks of unconventional superconductivity in copper oxides, iron pnictides, and heavy-fermion compounds. Numerous model calculations have related these modes to the microscopic properties of the pair wave function, but the mechanisms underlying their formation…
A theory is developed to describe the effect of an intrinsic localized mode (ILM) on small vibrations in a monatomic chain with hard quartic anharmonicity. One prediction is the appearance in the chain of linear local modes nearby the ILM. To check this result, MD calculations of vibrations under strong local excitati…
A recent paper from Raveau's group asserts that the specially designed CHUF measurement protocol serves to bring out a special feature of the magnetic glass state. This protocol, enunciated and applied in our publications since over three years, allows establishing phase coexistence through macroscopic measurements an…
Deep or chronic skin wounds are difficult to heal spontaneously due to the lack of scaffold to guide cell growth and reduced levels and activities of endogenous growth factors. Emulsion electrospinning process integrated with DNA condensation techniques indicated potentials to gradually release DNA, but no attempt has…
An account is presented of the development, evaluation, and current status of an unusual series of polymers optimized specifically for biomedical applications. The polymers are based on the polyphosphazene platform with side groups chosen for their ability to sensitize the polymers to hydrolysis to benign small molecu…
In this paper, the random packing of spherocylinders of different aspect ratios is simulated with an improved geometric based relaxation algorithm. It is shown that the packing density increases to a maximum and then decreases with the growth of aspect ratio, which is consistent with the literature results. However, t…
We report measurements up to 85 Tesla of the upper critical fields ${H}_{c2}$($T$) on Ba${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$K${}_{x}$As${}_{2}$Fe${}_{2}$ single crystals and FeSe${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$Te${}_{x}$ films tuned by doping and strain. We observed an ${H}_{c2}$ enhancement by more than 25 T at low temperatures for the op…
We present a study of Cd 2+ -for-Pb 2+ exchange in PbSe nanocrystals (NCs) with cube, star, and rod shapes. Prolonged temperature-activated cation exchange results in PbSe/CdSe heterostructured nanocrystals (HNCs) that preserve their specific overall shape, whereas the PbSe core is strongly faceted with dominance of {…
This paper reports on the development of a microfluidic platform to study mass transport mechanisms of blood cells and fluid visualization of fluid streamlines on micro-contractions. Micro fabricated contractions can mimic the haemodynamics of pathological vessels to observe thrombi formation independent of chemical p…
A large-area, continuous, few-layer reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin film has been fabricated on a Si/SiO(2) wafer using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method followed by thermal reduction. After photochemical reduction of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) on rGO, the obtained PtNPs/rGO composite is employed as the conductive cha…
A novel series of alkali and alkaline earth metal combined fluorine beryllium borates NaCaBe 2 B 2 O 6 F, KCaBe 2 B 2 O 6 F, and KSrBe 2 B 2 O 6 F were successfully synthesized through molecular engineering design and grown in crystals by spontaneous nucleation technique from self-flux systems. The idea, introduction…
By using octahedral gold nanocrystals with sizes of approximately 50 nm as the structure-directing cores for the overgrowth of Pd shells, Au-Pd core-shell heterostructures with systematic shape evolution can be directly synthesized. Core-shell octahedra, truncated octahedra, cuboctahedra, truncated cubes, and concave…
The electromagnetic mechanism of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) involves plasmon enhancement of the optical-frequency electric fields on the surfaces of silver or gold (or sometimes other) nanoparticles where molecules that exhibit Raman scattering are located. It has long been recognized that the largest…
We have developed an efficient chemical exfoliation approach for the high-throughput synthesis of solution-processable, high-quality graphene sheets that are noncovalently functionalized by alkylamine. Purely coherent nonlinear optical response of these graphene sheets has been investigated, using near-infrared, visib…
Summary The spatial resolution of electron diffraction within the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has progressed from channelling methods capable of measuring crystallographic characteristics from 10 μm regions to electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) methods capable of measuring 120 nm particles. Here, we report…
The utility of ferroelectric materials stems from the ability to nucleate and move polarized domains using an electric field. To understand the mechanisms of polarization switching, structural characterization at the nanoscale is required. We used aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy to follow the kin…
This critical review provides an overview of current research on carbon-based nanostructured materials and their composites for use as supercapacitor electrodes. Particular emphasis has been directed towards basic principles of supercapacitors and various factors affecting their performance. The focus of the review is…
Exceptional performance claims for electrodes used in batteries and electrochemical capacitors often fail to hold up when all device components are included.
Fuel cells are uniquely capable of overcoming combustion efficiency limitations (e.g., the Carnot cycle). However, the linking of fuel cells (an energy conversion device) and hydrogen (an energy carrier) has emphasized investment in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells as part of a larger hydrogen economy and thus rele…