Materials Literature
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We demonstrate that ultrafast pump–probe reflectivity measurements from bulk Si samples using a Ti:sapphire femtosecond oscillator (λ=800 nm) can be used to measure the Si surface recombination velocity. The technique is sensitive to recombination velocities greater than ∼104 cm s−1.
The characterization of Si‐B‐C‐N amorphous ceramics using isothermal compression creep testing in the temperature range of 1200°–1500°C is reported. The deformation rate contains a stress‐dependent component that is proportional to the applied stress, which indicates that this portion of the deformation mechanism is b…
The time evolution of changes in the optical absorption coefficient with illumination has been studied for $a{\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{s}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}$ films at 50, 100, 200, and 300 K in order to characterize the dynamics of photodarkening. The magnitude of the changes is larger at the lower temperatur…
Synopsis A new method for the in vivo characterization of the physical properties of skin is presented. This comprises an ultrasound device to measure the vertical displacement of the surface of the skin, as well as its thickness and that of the hypodermis under suction. In combination with this, a mathematical model…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Molecular Beacons: Novel Fluorescent ProbesThese sensitive fluorescent DNA probes can be used for real-time biomolecular recognition of unseparated target species.Xiaohong Fang, Jianwei Jeffery Li, John Perlette, Weihong Tan, and Kemin WangCite this: Anal. Ch…
The effects of Ti doping on the Mn site in the colossal magnetoresistant (CMR) material of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ has been studied by preparing the series ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{y}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ $(y=0,$ 0.01, 0.03, 0.…
Abstract In this paper, we derive the isothermal mechanical response of a 4‐element rheological model for shape memory polymers (SMP) in the context of (i) constant stress, (ii) constant strain, (iii) constant stress rate, (iv) constant strain rate, (v) periodic strain. The effect of shape memory strain (modeled by a…
The resistive upper critical field along the b axis ${(H}_{c2}\ensuremath{\parallel}b)$ in ${(\mathrm{TMTSF})}_{2}{\mathrm{PF}}_{6}$ is investigated in detail in fields to 17.5 T and temperatures to ${T/T}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}\frac{1}{60},$ at various pressures near the border between spin-density wave and metallic st…
By in situ grafting methacroyloxy functionalized silanes on commercial nanoglobular silica polymerization-active silico-organic nanoparticles were prepared. In radiation (UV, EB) induced polymerization reactions these modified nanoparticles form covalent crosslinks to acrylate substrates, thus efficiently modifying th…
Mesoscale disordered materials are ubiquitous in industry and in the environment. Any fundamental understanding of the transport and mechanical properties of such materials must follow from a thorough understanding of their structure. However, in the overwhelming majority of cases, experimental characterization of suc…
Silks are highly expressed, secreted proteins that represent a substantial metabolic cost to the insects and spiders that produce them. Female spiders in the superfamily Araneoidea (the orb-spinning spiders and their close relatives) spin six different kinds of silk (three fibroins and three fibrous protein glues) tha…
The transfer of electrons from one material to another is usually described in terms of energy conservation, with no attention being paid to momentum conservation. Here we present results on the junction resistance between a carbon nanotube and a graphite substrate and show that details of momentum conservation also c…
We have introduced a photoexcitation contribution in the dynamical model we previously presented (see previous paper), as an additional term in the rate transition, in order to reproduce the light induced thermal hysteresis effect, experimentally observed in the spin-crossover materials. The set of motion equations go…
The crystallisation and spherulitic morphology of poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDX), a thermoplastic polyester-ether used for medical applications have been studied. Polarised Optical Microscopy (PM) revealed that isothermally crystallised PPDX exhibits large double banded spherulites with a mean banding spacing that increases…
This study focuses on the mechanical properties of weft knits for outerwear as a function of knit structure and density and the relationships between hand, structure, and density. Eighteen weft knits are produced with six different structures (1 × 1 rib, half-cardigan rib, half-milano rib, interlock, single-pique, and…
The crystal structure of 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase from Comamonas testosteroni (3alpha-HSDH) as well as the structure of its binary complex with NAD(+) have been solved at 1.68-A and 1.95-A resolution, respectively. The enzyme is a member of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) fa…
“Dry” synthesis conditions leading to the controlled formation of a hybrid interface are used in preparing tailored mesotextured hybrid materials comprising covalently bonded dendrimers (see picture) and [Ti16O16(OEt)32] clusters. Thus, the formation of a continuous inorganic phase is hindered. The shape of the organi…
Impurity-induced reduction of intergranular cohesion---a major factor limiting the usable strength level of ultrahigh-strength steels---is particularly severe when aggravated by mobile hydrogen through environmental interaction, as in the case of hydrogen stress corrosion cracking. As an aid in establishing an underst…
The interactions between globular proteins in the presence of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) are probed through the measurement of the protein solution second virial coefficient (B2). The solution properties of PEG are characterized for four molecular weights (400, 1000, 6000, and 12 000), providing an opportunity for q…
Fast and simple methods for the preparation of porous metal oxide networks are reported here that use readily available cellulose acetate membranes in two procedures that are expected to be of general utility. ZrO2 and TiO2 films were produced of ca. 80 μm thickness, with large pore structures (several hundred nm). Th…