Materials Literature
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A series of electronic and structural transitions are predicted in molten lithium from first principles. A new phase with tetrahedral local order characteristic of $sp^3$ bonded materials and poor electrical conductivity is found at pressures above 150 GPa and temperatures as high as 1000 K. Despite the lack of covale…
Excitation and photoluminescence spectra of high purity and Si-doped β-Ga2O3 single crystals are investigated. Emission peaks in the UV and blue wavelength regions are observed. These are excited at two bands, which can be differentiated by polarized light. The features of the spectra are independent of excitation and…
Paclitaxel–polylactide nanoconjugates were prepared by the site-specific polymerization of lactide mediated by a paclitaxel–metal complex followed by nanoprecipitation (see scheme). The resulting nanoconjugates have nearly 100 % paclitaxel incorporation efficiencies and predefined drug loadings, and are less than 100…
The existence of semiconductors exhibiting long-range ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature still is controversial. One particularly important issue is the presence of secondary magnetic phases such as clusters, segregations, etc... These are often tedious to detect, leading to contradictory interpretations. We s…
Conceptual framework behind the intrinsic spin Hall effect in three-dimensional conductors is discussed. Theory suggests how the spin Hall current should depend on symmetry and orientation of the crystal.
In viscous particulate liquids, such as suspensions and polymer solutions, the large-distance steady-state flow due to a local disturbance is commonly described in terms of hydrodynamic screening -- beyond a correlation length $ξ$ the response drops from that of the pure solvent, characterized by its viscosity $η_0$,…
Boron-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were synthesized using a methanol solution of boric acid as a source material. Accurate measurements of the electrical resistivity of an individual boron-doped MWNT was performed with a four-point contact, which was fabricated using an electron beam lithography techniqu…
In a recent paper [arXiv:0804.3569], Takatoshi Nomura {\it et al.} reported a structural phase transition near 150 K in LaOFeAs and used space group "Cmma" to describe their X-ray diffraction data. However, they did not discuss how their proposed structure compares with the early neutron study by Cruz {\it et al.}[arX…
We demonstrate an approach to significantly reduce the electrical resistivity in a polyurethane shape-memory polymer (SMP) filled with randomly distributed carbon black (CB). With an additional small amount of randomly distributed Ni microparticles (0.5vol%) in the SMP/CB composite, its electrical resistivity is only…
Silver nanocubes are self-assembled into unique structures via hydrophobic interactions. The structures could be predesigned by selectively functionalizing the faces of each nanocube with hydrophobic and hydrophilic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The cubic lattice shown in this SEM image was formed at an air-water…
The authors reported on the experimental investigation of the high-temperature electrical resistance of graphene. The test structures were fabricated by using the focused ion beam from the single and bilayer graphene produced by mechanical exfoliation. It was found that as temperature increases from 300to500K, the res…
We present a facile route which combines the functionalization of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface with an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process to allow for conformal Al2O3 layers. While the trimethylaluminum (TMA)∕H2O process caused selective deposition only along step edges, the TMA∕O3 process began to…
We report on the discovery of a lead-free morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in Sm doped BiFeO3 with a simple perovskite structure using the combinatorial thin film strategy. The boundary is a rhombohedral to pseudo-orthorhombic structural transition which exhibits a ferroelectric to antiferroelectric transition at app…
There has been significant progress in the biological synthesis of nanomaterials. However, the molecular mechanism of synthesis of such bio-nanomaterials remains largely unknown. Here, we report the extracellular synthesis of crystalline silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using Morganella sp., and show molecular evidence…
We present Raman spectra of epitaxial graphene layers grown on 63×63 reconstructed silicon carbide surfaces during annealing at elevated temperature. In contrast to exfoliated graphene a significant phonon hardening is observed. We ascribe that phonon hardening to a minor part to the known electron transfer from the s…
Electrical conductivity of β-Ga2O3 has been attributed so far to an oxygen deficiency, the donors presumably being oxygen vacancies. This letter shows, however, that the conductivity can be intentionally controlled over three orders of magnitude by Si doping. The related free-carrier concentration, which varies betwee…
We address the electronic structure and magnetic properties of vacancies and voids both in graphene and graphene ribbons. By using a mean-field Hubbard model, we study the appearance of magnetic textures associated with removing a single atom (vacancy) and multiple adjacent atoms (voids) as well as the magnetic intera…
Here we report a new quaternary iron-arsenide superconductor Nd[O 1− x F x ]FeAs , with the onset resistivity transition at 51.9 K and Meissner transition at 51 K. This compound has the same crystal structure as LaOFeAs, and becomes the second superconductor after Pr[O 1− x F x ]FeAs that superconducts above 50 K.
We present systematic magnetoelectronic measurements of magnetic nanopillars with different structures of polarizing magnetic layers. The magnetic reversal at small magnetic field, the onset of magnetic dynamics at larger field, and the magnetoresistance exhibit a significant dependence on the type of the polarizing l…
If a stochastic system during some periods of its evolution can be divided into non-interacting parts, the kinetics of each part can be simulated independently. We show that this can be used in the development of efficient Monte Carlo algorithms. As an illustrative example the simulation of irreversible growth of exte…