Materials Literature
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The synthesis and applications of organic-inorganic nanostructured colloids and colloidal-based materials are reviewed here. Emphasis is placed on the strategies and synthetic methods developed to organize organic-inorganic architectures. The article begins with a description and a general hierarchical classification…
We have studied the effect of weak solute−solvent attractions on the solvation of nonpolar molecules in water at ambient conditions using an extension and improved parameterization of the theory of solvation due to Lum, Chandler, and Weeks [ J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4570]. With a reasonable strength of alkane−water…
The effects of the deacetylation degree (DD) and preparation methods for chitosan on antimicrobial activity were evaluated. Chemically prepared chitin (CH-chitin) and microbiologically prepared chitin (MO-chitin) were obtained from shrimp shells. The CH-chitin and MO-chitin were further chemically deacetylated to obta…
Erbium-doped ZrO 2 nanoparticles are prepared by a sol−emulsion−gel technique. The effects of the Er 3+ concentration and different codopants (Yb 3+ and Y 3+ ) in the ZrO 2 matrix on the upconverted emission are reported. Green and red upconversion emission at 550 and 670 nm were observed from these oxide nanocrystals…
This paper is intended to show how the control of the optical response of regular arrays of gold nanoparticles allows to improve our understanding of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Regular particle arrays, designed by electron-beam lithography, exhibit remarkable optical properties and appear to be suitable…
Arrays of C60 molecules nested inside single-walled nanotubes represent a class of nanoscale materials having tunable properties. We report electronic measurements of this system made with a scanning tunneling microscope and demonstrate that the encapsulated C60 molecules modify the local electronic structure of the n…
Aim To study large‐scale patterns of benthic diatom assemblages in rivers, to assess the relative importance of environmental and geographical factors affecting their composition, and to evaluate the implications of these patterns for the use of diatoms as indicators of water quality, particularly nutrient enrichment.…
A short survey of technological aspects of electrochromism with various electroactive species is given. Different approaches with inorganic and organic materials have been pursued in the past. So far widespread usage of this technology for large area applications has not been achieved. Nevertheless one major technical…
A special sample was prepared by controlled oxidation of MoO2, which contained MoO2, Mo4O11 and MoO3, in order to extend the knowledge about the resonance Raman effect in reduced molybdenum oxides from those close to MoO3 to those close to MoO2. This knowledge is of paramount importance because technical partial oxida…
The electronic and spin states of a series of Co-Fe Prussian blue analogues containing Na(+) ion in the lattice, Na(x)()Co(y)()Fe(CN)(6) x zH(2)O, strongly depended on the atomic composition ratio of Co to Fe (Co/Fe) and temperature. Compounds of Co/Fe = 1.5 and 1.15 consisted mostly of the Fe(III)(t(2g)(5)e(g)(0), LS…
Ultrasensitive Raman measurements in single living cells are possible through exploiting the effect of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Colloidal gold particles (60 nm in size) that are deposited inside cells as “SERS-active nanostructures” result in strongly enhanced Raman signals of the native chemical cons…
Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative approach in the treatment of malfunctioning or lost organs. In this approach, a temporary scaffold is needed to serve as an adhesive substrate for the implanted cells and a physical support to guide the formation of the new organs. In addition to facilitating c…
The effect of the replacement of antimony atoms by bismuth atoms on the electrical properties of compounds of the melt-quenched and thermally evaporated Ge 25 Sb 15- x Bi x S 60 ( x = 0, 5, 10 and 15) chalcogenide system are reported for the first time. The results for the alternating-current (ac) conductivity σ ac an…
In situ, time resolved energy dispersive EXAFS (EDE) has been used in conjunction with temperature programmed reduction/decomposition (TPR/TPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to probe the evolution and character of Pt and…
The mild cleavage of phosphonodiester groups supported on a silica matrix has been investigated. The use of TMSBr (bromotrimethylsilane) with diethyl phosphonates has been revisited, and interactions of phosphonoacids with silicon species are described. An alternative route utilising di-tert-butyl phosphonate group ha…
The growth of CdS 0.08 Se 0.92 nanoparticles in glass is studied through the analysis of optical absorption spectra with the help of a quantized-state effective-mass model in which the conduction band effective mass is particle size dependent. The glass includes nanoparticles with an initial average size of ~1.4 nm on…
Stable translucent aqueous suspensions of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles, with average diameters ranging from 12 to 20 nm and containing from 0.25 to up to 0.75 mmol of ligand/g, are readily obtained by copolymerization in oil-in-water microemulsions of a polymerizable tetraaza macrocycle, vinylbenzylcyclam (cycl…
A new series of regioregular poly(terthiophenes), bearing bis(thioether) side groups, has been prepared by electrochemical oxidation. Cyclic voltammetry of the parent trimers reveals an increase in electron donating ability in cyclic thioether derivatives. For example, one compound containing a central ethylenedithiot…
Using a simple mean-field density functional approach we investigate the adsorption of a binary fluid mixture of repulsive Gaussian core particles at a repulsive planar wall. For certain choices of wall-fluid potential we find a first-order wetting transition, and the accompanying pre-wetting line, whereby the fluid p…
Fluoropolymer films were deposited on pristine and N2 plasma-pretreated copper foil surfaces by plasma polymerization of allylpentafluorobenzene (APFB) under different glow discharge conditions and using argon as the carrier gas. The effect of the radio-frequency (RF) plasma power on the surface composition and chemic…