Materials Literature
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1. INTRODUCTION Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) Data: Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium States of Polymers Scope of This Data Collection Equipment for PVT Measurements: Piston-Die Technique Confining Fluid Technique Equipment Used for Data in This Book Experimental Procedures: Stan- dard PVT Runs Sample Preparation Det…
The density-functional theory proves that an ion-electron mixture can be treated as a one-component liquid interacting only via a {\it pairwise} interaction in the evaluation of the ion-ion radial distribution function (RDF), and provides a set of integral equations: one is an integral equation for the ion-ion RDF and…
We report resonance Raman scattering (RRS) spectra and Raman excitation profiles (REP) of a system containing π dimers of identical molecular radical ions measured with laser excitation in resonance with the charge transfer (CT) transition. A Peierls–Hubbard (PH) Hamiltonian has been used to model the investigated sys…
Extensive molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on sodium disilicate glass Na2Si2O5, using realistic empirical interaction potentials. The structure of the simulated glass agrees reasonably with experimental diffraction data. Analysis of this structure is performed by a number of different methods and the…
The central parameter of the dynamically disordered hopping (DDH) model, the renewal time, is correlated with the characteristic time constant of the glass transition relaxation in polymer–salt complexes. With this identification, the frequency-dependent permittivity of these materials can be quite adequately describe…
Abstract UV‐radiation‐induced graft‐copolymerization of cotton cellulose was carried out with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a photoinitiator as well as a chemical initiator. With increase in the graft add‐on, breaking load and moisture regain of cotton decreased, so also its thermal…
We report molecular dynamics simulations of a Gay–Berne nematic liquid crystal at constant temperature and density/pressure using the generalization of an algorithm recently proposed by Toxvaerd [Phys. Rev. E 47, 343 (1993)]. On the basis of these simulations the absolute values of the Oseen–Zöcher–Frank elastic const…
Abstract Poly(ethylene) (PE) films were treated with a carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) plasma to study the formation of oxygen‐containing functional groups at the surface. Modified and nonmodified films were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle measurements. During the CO 2 plasma tre…
We examine binary mixtures of large and small symmetric AB diblock copolymers using self-consistent field theory. In accord with experiment, we find that when the ratio of their polymerization indexes exceeds about 1:5, they become immiscible producing a coexistence between long- and short-period lamellar phases. As i…
Thermal excitation of adsorbed oxygen species is found to initiate the CO oxidation on Pt(111). We have prepared three different coadsorption systems to study the reactivity of different oxygen species; (1) CO on the O2 preadsorbed Pt(111) surface, (2) CO on the nearly perfect Pt(111) p(2×2)-O surface, and (3) CO on t…
A molecular theory is presented for the dynamics of small-molecule nematic liquid crystals in shear flow. The flow-alignment angle is predicted to depend on the aspect ratio of the liquid crystal molecules, as well as the second and fourth moments, P2 and P4 of the distribution of molecules about the nematic director.…
The Stokes–Einstein and Stokes–Einstein–Debye relations hold well in nonsupercooled liquids; however, sizeable deviations from the former appear in supercooled liquids, leading to a ‘‘decoupling’’ of translational diffusion from viscosity and reorientational relaxation. We attribute this breakdown and this ‘‘decouplin…
The magnetostrictive stress for a ${\mathrm{Ho}}_{6}/{Y}_{6}$ superlattice has been determined at low temperatures by means of a capacitive cantilever technique. The magnetostrictive stress responsible for the basal plane distortion is found to be strongly enhanced with respect to bulk holmium. An explanation accounti…
Thin nanoporous Si layers were formed on n-Si(100) in 0.1 M NH4F electrolyte and investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence (PL). The microstructure of the electrochemically prepared Si surfaces depended strongly on the pH of the electrolyte. A pebblelike surface structure was…
In this Letter we establish the phase diagram of $(\mathrm{TMTSF}{)}_{2}$ ${\mathrm{ClO}}_{4}$ to 30 T and above 0.5 K by transport and magnetization measurements. The high field region is bounded above by a second order transition from metallic to field induced spin density wave state at 5.5 K. Completely contained i…
Diamond films and islands grown by chemical vapor deposition were implanted with boron, sodium, and carbon ions at doses of 1014–1015/cm2. This structural modification at the subsurface resulted in a significant reduction of the electric field required for electron emission. The threshold field for producing a current…
Biaxial stress and strain in (100) and (111) oriented grains have been measured as a function of annealing temperature for a Cu film on an oxidized Si substrate which exhibits abnormal (100) grain growth. The observed behavior indicates isostrain averaging, which is consistent with grain growth that is controlled by s…
We determined the phase diagram of a binary hard-sphere dispersion with size ratio 9.3. Phase separation into a fluid and a crystal of large spheres is observed. The fluid-solid binodal is determined by measurements of compositions of coexisting phases. The results agree qualitatively with recent theories, although th…
A theory for the nematic-isotropic (N-I) phase transition of prolate uniaxial molecules with longitudinal dipole moments is presented. The theory is based on the variational cluster expansion, truncated after the two-molecule term, and is implemented for polar hard spherocylinders with and without attractions, and for…
The effective diffusion coefficient, D(e), and the distribution constant, K(i), for selected mono- and disaccharides and organic acids were determined in homogeneous calcium-alginate gel with and without entrapped bacteria. Results were obtained from transient concentration changes in well-stirred solutions of limited…