Materials Literature
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BACKGROUND: Because prior studies have established the critical role of the endothelium in preventing vascular thrombosis and intimal thickening, we designed a series of experiments to determine the feasibility of percutaneous local catheter delivery of recombinant protein to accelerate development of an intact endoth…
The temperature- and frequency-dependent dielectric susceptibility parallel to the ferroelectric axis of crystals was studied in the ferroelectric phase. The dispersion corresponding to a critical slowing down of the thermal dipole relaxation was observed in the vicinity of in the frequency range 1 - 10 MHz. Besides,…
On structural phase transitions in n-butylammonium chloroantimonate(III) and chlorobismuthate(III) crystals: x-ray, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometric and dielectric dispersion studies, P Ciapala, R Jakubas, G Bator, J Zaleski, A Pietraszko, M Drozd, J Baran
Buried interfaces of thin Al/Ta2O5 and Ta2O5/Al films were studied using the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique. The peak decomposition technique was employed to identify the composition and chemical states at the interface region. It was observed that there is an “intermixing layer” at the Al/Ta2O5 interface,…
Photoluminescence decay curves and nanosecond time-gated spectra were measured from silicon implanted SiO2 layers after thermal annealing. Different ion fluences and annealing times were tested. Three components emitting blue-green light with lifetimes of about 0.4, 2, and 10 ns were detected. The peak position of all…
Spin correlations in metallic and insulating phases of ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and its derivatives are investigated using magnetic neutron scattering. Metallic samples have incommensurate spin correlations varying little with hole doping. Paramagnetic insulating samples have spin correlations only among nea…
Europium impurities can be incorporated in two forms: divalent and trivalent. Phosphors activated by or find important applications. Exposure to ionizing radiations is known to cause conversion. This conversion is important in understanding thermoluminescence and radiophotoluminescence applications. However, there hav…
We show that the equilibrium shapes of small solid Pb inclusions embedded in an Al matrix are size dependent. Using high resolution electron microscopy we have observed that small inclusions a few nanometers in size adopt equilibrium shapes with smooth {111} facets. Inclusion dimensions follow preferred sizes shown to…
Dielectric superlattices of (Sr,Ca)TiO3/(Ba,Sr)TiO3 have been formed by a pulsed laser ablation technique. The crystal structure is controlled with atomic order accuracy and a large lattice stress of 0.5–1 GPa can be introduced periodically at the interfaces owing to the lattice mismatch of the constituent layers. The…
The atomic structure of the fivefold symmetric quasicrystal surface of A${\mathrm{l}}_{70}$P${\mathrm{d}}_{21}$M${\mathrm{n}}_{9}$ was investigated by means of a dynamical low energy electron-diffraction analysis. Approximations are developed to address the high structural complexity of quasicrystals, yielding average…
We study the cellular patterns of the white light granulation and of the chromospheric Ca II K supergranular network. We apply a gradient-based tessellation algorithm to define the cell outlines. The geometry of the patterns formed by the associated granular and supergranular flows are very similar, in spite of the su…
We have performed massively parallel 3D molecular dynamics simulations with up to 35 million atoms to investigate ductile failure, obtaining mechanistic information at the atomistic level inaccessible to experiment. We observe dislocation loops emitted from the crack front---the first time this has been seen in comput…
Surface x-ray diffraction has been used to determine the structural relaxations of ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}(110)\ensuremath{-}(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1)$. The magnitudes range from 0 to 0.27 \AA{}, leading to rumpling of the titanium planes. The data are compared to the results of three independent calculations…
Ground state properties of SiC, AlN, GaN and InN in the zinc-blende and wurtzite structures are determined using an ab initio scheme. For the self-consistent field part of the calculations, the Hartree-Fock program Crystal has been used. Correlation contributions are evaluated using the coupled-cluster approach with s…
Single crystalline ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ ( $0.74\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.82$) were studied with neutron scattering, electron diffraction, and bulk magnetic measurement. We discovered dynamic ferromagnetic spin correlations at high temperatures, which are replac…
The total structure factor, $S(Q)$, and the corresponding radial distribution function, $G(r)$, for supercooled and stable liquid aluminum oxide have been measured with x-ray synchrotron radiation. The specimens were levitated in a conical nozzle and melted with a laser, achieving temperatures in the range of 2200--27…
The influence of wax on the viscoelasticity and peel adhesion of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA)-based hot melt adhesives was evaluated. Wax does not affect the glass transition temperature of a homogeneous EVA/rosin blend. However, for a heterogeneous EVA/rosin blend, wax addition increases the EVA-rich phase p…
A series of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA)-based hot melt adhesives containing either a rosin or a hydrocarbon (C5–C9) tackifier have been prepared to investigate viscoelastic properties and peel adhesion. Fracture energies were determined by the use of a T-Peel geometry (two polypropylene films bonded with mod…
Films of regenerated Bombyx mori silk are strongly affected by absorbed moisture, a phenomenon studied here by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Exposure of previously dried films to environments of controlled relative humidity produces test samples of well-defined equilibrium moisture content. Ultimate moistur…
Fluids such as liquids and glasses are not usually thought of as possessing distinct forms or phases. As Poole et al . discuss in their Perspective, recent results show that liquids can exhibit “polymorphism”—different phases characterized by different densities.