Materials Literature
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Ralstonia eutropha has been considered as a bacterium, incorporating hydroxyalkanoates of less than six carbons only into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Cells of the wild type cultivated with sodium octanoate as the carbon source in the presence of the fatty acid beta-oxidation inhibitor sodium acrylate synthesized PHA…
A detailed kinetic and mechanistic analysis of the classical "brown-ring" reaction of [Fe(H(2)O)(6)](2+) with NO was performed using stopped-flow and laser flash photolysis techniques at ambient and high pressure. The kinetic parameters for the "on" and "off" reactions at 25 degrees C were found to be k(on) = 1.42 x 1…
The time-dependent relaxation of remanant polarization in epitaxial lead zirconate titanate $[{\mathrm{P}\mathrm{b}(\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{r}}_{0.2}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.8}{)\mathrm{O}}_{3},\mathrm{P}\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{T}]$ ferroelectric thin films, containing a uniform two-dimensional grid of 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi…
We examine the effects of interface roughness and/or planar impurity doping in a superlattice, in the frame of a weak disorder description. We find that these two types of disorder are equivalent, and that they can be viewed as effective "bulk" disorder, with anisotropic diffusion coefficients. Our results offer quant…
The angular distributions of photons scattered by human breast tissues (adipose and glandular) and by eight breast-equivalent materials (water, polymethylmethacrylate, nylon, polyethylene and four commercial breast-equivalent materials simulating different glandular-adipose proportions) have been measured at a photon…
A tensor form of phenomenological damping is derived for small magnetization motions. This form reflects basic physical relaxation processes for a general uniformly magnetized particle or film. Scalar Landau-Lifshitz damping is found to occur only for two special cases of system symmetry.
The theory of incoherent nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation accompanied by absorption or emission of phonons in a crystal lattice is developed. The theory is based on the Maxwell's equations and time-dependent quantum mechanics under the condition of incoherent scattering of radiation by various nucl…
The three-dimensional elastic-plastic deformation is considered. The catastrophe theory underlies the construction of this process model. It was shown that the variety of stable states consists on elastic states and can be depicted as a lattice on plane in coordinates shearing stress intensity and shearing strain inte…
$\ensuremath{\gamma}$-alumina is usually described as a defect spinel structure with cation site vacancies distributed randomly between octahedral and tetrahedral positions. Its structure and properties are still not well understood. Using ab initio calculations based on density functional theory and plane-wave pseudo…
Understanding electronic communication among the constituents in multicomponent macromolecular architectures is essential for the rational design of molecular devices for photonic, electronic, or optoelectronic applications. This Account describes studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of electronic communicati…
The combined effects of strain and phonon confinement are seen to explain why the Raman peak near $464{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in ${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2\ensuremath{-}y}$ nanoparticles shifts to progressively lower energies and the lineshape of this feature gets progressively broader and asymmetric (on the low-ener…
Abstract This book describes the principles and concepts of biomineralization and their application in the new field of biomimetic materials chemistry. The main focus is on the principles and concepts that arise from a chemical perspective of biomineralization. After surveying the major types of biominerals (chapter 2…
The optical and structural properties of the Ge submonolayer nano-inclusions in a Si matrix grown by molecular beam epitaxy are investigated. It is shown that at relatively high growth temperatures >600° C new features appear in the photoluminescence spectra. It is found that these features correspond to formation of…
Abstract The reactions of tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) with polyisoprene were investigated under vulcanization conditions. Samples of polyisoprene compounded with various combinations of TETD, sulfur, and ZnO were heated in a differential scanning calorimeter to various degrees of vulcanization. The crosslink de…
We review recent results on asymptotic lattices and their integrable reductions. We present the theory of general asymptotic lattices in 3 together with the corresponding theory of their Darboux-type transformations. Then we find a novel permutability theorem for Bianchi surfaces, which can be reinterpreted as a discr…
Optically active poly( o -ethoxyaniline) (PEOA) was prepared in situ in organic solvents with (+)- or (−)-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) as the chiral dopant. This presented an effective facile route to prepare optically active polyaniline derivatives with large ring substituents and to dispel the potential influence of w…
The use of Y zeolite supported Ni to grow ordered carbon nanofibers from an ethylene/hydrogen feedstock has been investigated where Ni was incorporated into the aluminosilicate framework by ion exchange and impregnation; the action of the Ni/NaY zeolites is compared with that of Ni/SiO 2 of comparable Ni loading prepa…
Abstract Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were reacted with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) to prepare PE‐TEMPO and PP‐TEMPO macroinitiators, respectively. Molecular weight of PP decreased, whereas that of PE increased during the reaction with the BPO/TEMPO system. Polys…
Some new characterization results are reported for composites prepared from methyl acrylate monomer and from reinforcing silica particles at various degrees of dispersion. In some cases, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate groups were grafted onto the silica (PMA) through participation in the methyl acrylate polyme…
The members of the enolase superfamily catalyze different overall reactions, yet share a partial reaction that involves Mg(2+)-assisted enolization of the substrate carboxylate anion. The fate of the resulting enolate intermediate is determined by the active site of each enzyme. Several members of this superfamily hav…