Materials Literature
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Thin films of layered ferroelectric oxide Bi5FeTi3O15 have been fabricated on Pt-coated Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Temperature-dependent Raman studies reveal the phase-transition temperature of 550 °C, consistent with other reports. A new mode at 685cm−1 is observed and ascribed to the Bi–Fe–O perovskit…
The effects of nonequally biaxial in-plane misfit strains on the equilibrium polarization states and the dielectric properties of single-domain epitaxial ferroelectric thin films are investigated by a nonlinear thermodynamic theory. The “misfit strain-misfit strain” and “temperature-misfit strain” phase diagrams for s…
The detection of nanotube carbons in solution by (13)C NMR is reported. The highly soluble sample was from the functionalization of (13)C-enriched single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with diamine-terminated oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG(1500N)). The ferromagnetic impurities due to the residual metal catalys…
Many molecular materials cannot be prepared as a "pure" (nonsolvate) crystalline phase by conventional crystal growth from solution due to the facile formation of solvate structures. In such cases, it may be possible to obtain the pure phase by a solid-state desolvation process, although such processes are generally a…
An experimental setup was developed for the simultaneous measurements of the electrical resistivity and the thermopower in the temperature range going from 77 up to 330K. The system combines accuracy, rapidity, few efforts for the sample mounting, and is fully automated. Pressure contacts are used for contacting the t…
The Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 powders were prepared by a sol–gel route in the composition range from x =0.0 to 0.3 in 0.05 increments. The lattice parameters of Pb 1− x La x TiO 3 ( x =0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30) were determined by a high temperature X‐ray diffraction, and the intrinsic thermal expansion coefficients…
The reduction of vanadium oxide monolayer structures on Rh(111) has been investigated by variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, low energy electron diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy of the core levels, and the valence band, and by probing the phonon spectra of the oxide structures in high-resolution…
We report the development of all-diamond microelectrochemical devices, namely, a microelectrode array (MEA), in which a periodic array structure with well-defined diameters, distance, and hexagonal unit cell pattern is micromachined using a combination of state-of-the-art microwave-induced plasma growth and laser abla…
Glycopeptide dendrimers have been prepared bearing four or eight identical glycoside moieties at their surface (beta-glucose, alpha-galactose, alpha-N-acetyl-galactose, or lactose), natural amino acids within the branches (Ser, Thr, His, Asp, Glu, Leu, Val, Phe), 2,3-diaminopropionic acid as the branching unit, and a…
ZnO particles embedded in SiO2 thin films were prepared by a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical-absorption spectra showed that ZnO particles with hexagonal wurtzite structure had been embedded in the SiO2 matrix, and the size of ZnO particles increased with increasing a…
The effect of LiF sintering aid on the degradation of transparent magnesium aluminate spinel during hot‐pressing was studied. LiF is used to etch spinel particles during the hot pressing process. The LiF was found to react with the aluminum in the spinel structure, thereby leaving Mg‐rich regions behind that do not si…
Supramolecular structures formed by self-assembly of diblock copolymers in solution are stable over restricted environmental conditions: concentration, temperature, pH, or ion strength among others. To enlarge their domain of application, it appears necessary to develop stabilization strategies. We report here differe…
The mechanics governing the lateral cracks that form when a hard object plastically penetrates a ceramic is presented. The roles of indentation load, penetration depth, and work of indentation are all highlighted, as are the influences of the mechanical properties of the material. A closed form solution for cracking i…
Abstract Epoxidized and hydroxylated rubber seed oils were prepared by peroxyformic acid generated in situ by reacting formic acid and hydrogen peroxide with RSO, a renewable resource. The structural and physico‐chemical properties of RSO have been determined. The fatty acid composition showed a high content of polyun…
Novel hierarchical ZnO nanoarchitectures, such as microtrepangs, microbelts, nanoflowers, nanocombs, nanowheels, and nanofans assembled by ZnO nanocones, nanobowling pins, nanobottles, nanoarrows, and nanonails, have had their growth controlled by the thermal evaporation of Zn and a mixture of In and In2S3. Both the m…
Nanoparticle catalysts are essential and indispensable for all syntheses of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). We have prepared size-controlled Co, Co-Mo, and Fe-Mo nanoparticles by the reversed micelle method as the catalysts for the gas-phase pyrolytic synthesis of SWCNTs. From the investigation of the relatio…
The role of phonon scattering in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) is explored by solving the Boltzmann transport equation using the Monte Carlo method. The results show that elastic scattering in a short-channel CNTFET has a small effect on the source-drain current due to the long elastic mean-free p…
The combination of clay layers and a supported nickel catalyst promotes char formation of polypropylene (PP) itself in PP nanocomposites during combustion, which improves the flame retardancy of PP nanocomposites.
Polycrystalline samples of Ca3Co4−xMxO9+δ (M=Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu; x=0–0.6) have been prepared using sol-gel procedure followed by spark plasma sintering. Their thermoelectric properties have been carefully examined from room temperature to 1000 K. Substitution of Ni and Fe for Co caused the significant increase of electric…
We present a method to identify transition states and minimum energy paths for martensitic solid-solid phase transformations, thereby allowing quantification of the activation energies of such transformations. Our approach is a generalization of a previous method for identifying transition states for chemical reaction…