Materials Literature
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The electric field in a dielectric changes from capacitive grading immediately after the voltage application to, resistive grading under steady state conditions. In the case of a polymeric dielectric, the conductivity is known to be strongly dependent on both the electric field and the temperature, characterized by an…
On site partial discharge (PD) methods have become successful tools to diagnose and monitor cable circuits. This paper describes the background of these methods, some fundamentals and challenges. The first section gives a brief introduction to and definition of the 0.1 Hz or very low frequency (VLF) PD methods. The ne…
We consider a model mixture of hard colloidal spheres and nonadsorbing polymer chains in a theta solvent. The polymer component is modelled as a polydisperse mixture of effective spheres, mutually noninteracting but excluded from the colloids, with radii that are free to adjust to allow for colloid-induced compression…
We report here a detailed study of sacrificial layer dissolution of photoresist by acetone in microchannels. The effects of channel geometry as well as photoresist characteristics such as thermal cycles and UV exposure are considered and tested. Test channels were designed and fabricated ranging in height from 2 /spl…
The spin population distribution in the ferromagnetically coupled hetero-bimetallic chain compound [MnNi(NO(2))(4)(en)(2)] (en = 1,2-ethanediamine) has been investigated by means of polarized neutron diffraction experiments, and the results compared with those from theoretical estimates obtained via calculations based…
The use of parallel windings is a very common practice in planar magnetics, where the copper thickness is usually very low to handle typical current values. Besides, the use of parallel turns allows applying better interleaving among the different windings. This work presents a review of the proper modeling strategy i…
A variational solution of the coupled electron-phonon Boltzmann equations is used to calculate the phonon drag contribution to the thermopower in a one-dimensional system. A simple formula is derived for the temperature dependence of the phonon drag in metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes. Scattering between differ…
Utilizing refrigeration may provide the only means by which future high-performance electronic chips can be maintained below predicted maximum temperature limits. Widespread application of refrigeration in electronic packaging will remain limited until the refrigerators can be made sufficiently small so that they can…
Isotropic liquid droplets are formed by different mechanisms near the smectic−isotropic phase transition in smectic freely suspended films. Because of the layered structure of the smectic films, the interplay of tensions that determines the droplet geometry is essentially different from that of liquid droplets on soli…
Abstract Novel epoxy‐terminated monomers based on imine groups were synthesized and their mesogenic properties studied. Aliphatic spacers of different lengths were introduced between the rigid unit and the glycidylic group, and their liquid‐crystalline behavior was examined. They were reacted with primary aromatic dia…
The high-frequency dynamics of ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.61}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{0.39}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ are studied using the micro-Brillouin scattering technique to elucidate the uniaxial relaxor behavior. It is found that broad central peaks (CP's) appear at about 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, which i…
Methanol is a common industrial solvent and is added to water to enhance hydrocarbon solubility and to prevent solid hydrate from forming, as well as other applications. One of the side effects of methanol addition to water is to greatly reduce the solubility of ionic solids, particularly divalent solids. The effect o…
A sol−gel procedure using acetic anhydride as a substitute for water using a condensing reagent for the tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) to silica conversion is reported. The mixed solution obtained from the reaction of TEOS and acetic anhydride at 110 °C was allowed to stand in air for several weeks, resulting in gel formati…
A major limitation in determining the effects of ultrasound frequency in sonochemistry in relation to cavitation is that no reliable relationship exists between the energy supplied to the system and the energy converted by the cavitation process in producing a sonochemical effect. However, the current study presents a…
A hybrid density functional theory (DFT) method has been used to interpret the data for the adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K within the porous structure of a sample of synthetic saponite expanded with stable SiO 2 ·TiO 2 colloidal particles and dried by different methods. Air drying (AD) favor the formation of structure…
A series of polyoxometalates PW12O40(3-), SiW12O40(4-), and P2Mo18O62(6-) have been used as photocatalysts for recovery of copper and production of fine metal particles. The process involves absorption of light by polyoxometalates, oxidation of an organic substrate, for instance, propan-2-ol as sacrificial reducing re…
Carbon nanotubes possess a very rich spectrum of plasmon modes. For the single wall, metallic carbon nanotubes, in addition to the high frequency plasma modes in the UV range and the depolarization shifted van Hove plasma resonances, there are also low frequency, gapless plasmon modes in the far-infrared frequency ran…
High performance antennas have been realized on proton-implanted Si with 10/sup 6/ /spl Omega/-cm resistivity. Sharp antenna resonance and low loss up to 20 GHz are observed indicating excellent antenna quality. In contrast, very poor antenna characteristics are found on conventional oxide-isolated Si because of the l…
Electromagnetic wave scattering by two rectangular troughs on a conducting ground plane, which is the simplest trough-grating geometry, is rigorously analyzed using the Kobayashi potential method. The formulation is extended and derived here for the H polarization case. By using the derived far field solution, numeric…
In this paper, the characteristics of corona current of a single insulator under high voltage is studied in different methods. The results show that the characteristics of corona current are different with their status. From these characteristics, an insulator's status can be decided online.