On zero energy states in graphene
We obtain zero energy states in graphene for a number of potentials and discuss the relation of the decoupled Schrödinger-like equations for the spinor components with non-relativistic symmetric quantum mechanics.
Materials Literature
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Nanofluids for electronics cooling
The goal of this study is to investigate experimentally the thermal performance of an electronics cooling system which is available in the market. Selected system is a water block used for liquid cooling of a central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. A suitable heater (resistance wire) is fabricated for producing h…
Role of Internal Water on Protein Thermal Stability: The Case of Homologous G Domains
In this work, we address the question of whether the enhanced stability of thermophilic proteins has a direct connection with internal hydration. Our model systems are two homologous G domains of different stability: the mesophilic G domain of the elongation factor thermal unstable protein from E. coli and the hyperth…
Photocatalytic Degradation of Metronidazole in Aqueous Solutions by Copper oxide nanoparticles
CuO has been synthesized in the nano-sized (10-15 nm) and examined as a photocatalyst for degradation of metronidazole in its aqueous solution. The removal studies were performed in the absence of light and under the effect of UV-radiation. The influences of various operational parameters such as catalyst dose, drug c…
Understanding Pharmaceutical Polymorphic Transformations I: Influence of Process Variables and Storage Conditions
The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of a dosage form is affected by number of mechanical and environmental factors which have a tendency to alter its crystalline state. Polymorphic transitions have been observed to occur during various unit operations like granulation, milling and compression. Forces of pressur…
Exploration of stable compounds, crystal structures, and superconductivity in the Be-H system
Using first-principles variable-composition evolutionary methodology, we explored the high-pressure structures of beryllium hydrides between 0 and 400 GPa. We found that BeH2 remains the only stable compound in this pressure range. The pressure-induced transformations are predicted as Ibam→P3̄m1→R3̄m→Cmcm→P4/nmm, whic…
Syntheses and characterization of zeolites K-F and W type using a diatomite precursor
Abstract Zeolites K-F and W (EDI and MER types) were synthesized hydrothermally using a natural rock as raw material. Chemical treatments were carried out on a diatomitic rock (containing opaline silica) from Crotone (Calabria, Italy) in order to separate/obtain potassium silicate, a reagent necessary for synthesizing…
Cogging Torque Calculation for IPM Having Single Layer Based on Magnetic Circuit Model
This research shows that it is possible and effective to predict the cogging torque waveform of the interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine using only an analytical model. Based on the proposed virtual permanent magnet (PM) concept, IPM can be considered as surface PM having zero height and unit relative permeability,…
Design and analysis of eccentrically braced steel frames with vertical links using shape memory alloys
In recent years, the philosophy behind traditional methods by which structures were designed to withstand natural disasters has gone through major changes. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are characterized by their superelastic behavior, which enables them to recover their original shape after experiencing large deformatio…
Counting Active Sites on Titanium Oxide–Silica Catalysts for Hydrogen Peroxide Activation through In Situ Poisoning with Phenylphosphonic Acid
Abstract Quantifying specific active sites in supported catalysts improves our understanding and assists in rational design. Supported oxides can undergo significant structural changes as surface densities increase from site‐isolated cations to monolayers and crystallites, which changes the number of kinetically relev…
Germanium telluride as a BSF material for high efficiency ultra-thin CdTe solar cell
The polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) is regarded as one of the leading photovoltaic (PV) materials for its high efficiency and low-cost. The absorber material CdTe has the ideal and direct bandgap of 1.45 eV and it has a high absorption co-efficient over 5×105/cm. In this work, the possibility of ultra-thin ab…
Time-Frequency-Based Instantaneous Power Components for Transient Disturbances According to IEEE Standard 1459
IEEE Standard 1459 defines the power components based on the fast Fourier series. However, Fourier series assumes the signal is periodic in nature, and provides erroneous assessment of the power components in the presence of transient signals. Therefore, a new method is proposed for the evaluation of the IEEE Standard…
Collective excitations in soft-sphere fluids
Despite that the thermodynamic distinction between a liquid and the corresponding gas ceases to exist at the critical point, it has been recently shown that reminiscence of gaslike and liquidlike behavior can be identified in the supercritical fluid region, encoded in the behavior of hypersonic waves dispersion. By us…
Enhancement of oral bioavailability of cyclosporine A: comparison of various nanoscale drug-delivery systems
A variety of nanoscale delivery systems have been shown to enhance the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble and poorly permeable drugs. However, the performance of these systems has seldom been evaluated simultaneously. The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability enhancement effect of lipid-based nanoc…
Application and future of solid foams
To conclude this series of chapters on solid foam materials, a review of industrial current applications and of mid-term market perspectives centred on manmade foams is given, making reference to natural cellular materials. Although the polymeric foam industrial development overwhelms the rest and finds applications o…
Experimental study for selection of electrode material for ZnO‐based memristors
The fabrication and characterisation of 400 nm‐thick zinc oxide (ZnO)‐based memristor devices with platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr) and gold (Au) metal electrodes are presented. The effect of these electrode materials on the performance of ZnO‐based memristors has been experimentally studied. Metal/ZnO contact limits the…
Prediction of the fusion alpha density profile in ITER from local marginal stability to Alfvén eigenmodes
A simple radial transport code for predicting the fusion alpha density profiles in an ITER burning plasma unstable to Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) is illustrated. This extends earlier work by Angioni et al (2009 Nucl. Fusion 49 055013) treating the fusion alpha transport from high- n micro-turbulence to include marginal st…
Translational and Rotational Diffusions of Nanorods within Semidilute and Entangled Polymer Solutions
Nanoparticle transport through macromolecular fluids plays important roles in several interdisciplinary fields of studies ranging from polymer science to drug delivery. But the diffusion of asymmetric nano-objects, such as rods, through polymer solutions is poorly understood in spite of their growing applications. Her…
Effect of Low Temperature Thermo-Chemical Pretreatment of Dairy Waste Activated Sludge on the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell
This study investigates the influence of low temperature thermo-chemical pretreatment of diary waste activated sludge on the performance of microbial fuel cell. First, effect of sludge pretreatment was evaluated by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) solubilization and suspended solids (SS) reduction. At optimized condition…
Energetics of the formation of Cu–Ag core–shell nanoparticles
This work presents molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations aimed at developing an understanding of the formation of core–shell Cu–Ag nanoparticles. The effects of surface and interfacial energies were considered and used to form a phenomenological model that calculates the energy gained upon the formation of a…