Materials Literature
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Health physics aspects associated with operation of the ITER are investigated. ITER has health physics elements in common with existing facilities as well as unique features. Fusion facility neutron radiation is similar to that encountered in a low energy accel-erator. The tritium hazard has radiation protection issue…
Pipeline is the common mode for transporting oil, gas, and various petroleum products. Structural integrity of oil and gas transmission pipelines is often threatened by external interferences such as concentrated load, impact load, and external pressure. These external interferences can cause ‘mechanical damage’ leadi…
Majority of the pipeline operators manage corrosion using inline inspection (ILI). ILIs enable operators to choose which anomalies should be excavated and, on the flip side, which anomalies are safe to remain on the pipe. If the remaining anomalies grow to a critical size before the next ILI cycle there will be in-ser…
The unique combination of high strength and low temperature toughness on heavy wall thickness coils allows higher operating pressures in large diameter spiral welded pipes and could represent a 10% reduction in life cycle cost on long distance gas pipe lines. One of the current processing routes for these high thickne…
From 2009–2013, 13 pipeline segments with an aggregated length of more than 1,300km were inspected with newer versions of EMAT tools for SCC and crack-like defects, and validated with more than 200 excavations. The EMAT tool performance is evaluated in terms of detection, identification, false calls, and sizing. The e…
In order to understand the probability of failure (PoF) of any system, we must first quantify the uncertainties in the system we are modeling. Common industry practice is to assess potential pipeline defects deterministically and account for uncertainty by taking conservative estimates or adding margins of safety to e…
The integration of different tools for the prevention of fires or explosions due to impact or bullet damage may significantly improve the safety of fuel tanks. Self-healing polymers have demonstrated their ability to autonomous mending bullet punctures. The results of ballistic tests to check the response of multilaye…
The transition temperature behavior of pipes subjected to propagating fracture is assessed by means of Battelle Drop Weight Tear (BDWT) tests. These consist of notched specimens which are subjected to impact loading under a three point bend test configuration. The fracture surface is assessed to derive shear or brittl…
On the basis of a similarity with electronic states in alkali-metal atoms, the existence of a new artificial atom (superatom) has been predicted theoretically. This superatom may be considered as a new alkali-metal atom.
The enzyme urease is responsible for the rapid hydrolysis of urea in agroecosystems where more than 50% of the applied nitrogen (N) can be lost via ammonia volatilization. The objectives of the study were to (1) extract urease from corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) and (2) compare the urease activity fro…
Zr-modified Auruvillius family of lanthanum bismuth titanate, namely Bi3.25La0.75Ti3−xZrxO12 (BLTZ, x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1), was prepared by solid-state reaction method. Dielectric properties of the ceramics were studied as a function of temperature. Hysteresis measurements were also performed. Among the comp…
Raytheon has built hybrid focal planes based on Silicon P-I-N photo-sensors for the past three decades. The device has undergone a continuous improvement process during this period. The detector material has been improved and the thickness has been greatly reduced. Most recently, the readout integrated circuit (ROIC)…
Many technological solutions have been proposed for CO2 capture in the last few years. Most of them are characterized by high costs in terms of energy consumption and, consequently, higher fossil fuel use and higher economic costs. High temperature fuel cells are technological solutions currently developed for energy…
We report on room temperature magnetoelectric coupling in Zn1−xCoxO/BaTiO3 (x = 0.02, 0.05, and 0.10) bilayer thinfilm multiferroic system (BLS) grown on SrTiO3 (100) substrate. All the BLSs exhibit room temperature ferroelectric response. The BLS with x = 0.02 is paramagnetic, while the BLS with x = 0.05 and 0.10 is…
Abstract This paper reports the first systemic investigation on the bimetallic ring coordination polymers based on two structure‐related flexible bis(imidazole) ligands, bimb as well as bix [bimb = 1, 4‐bis(imidazol‐1‐yl)‐butane, bix = 1, 4‐bis(imidazol‐1‐yl‐methylene)‐benzene)]. As expected, six new cobalt complexes…
Deactivation of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) by TiO 2 nanoparticles was investigated for the first time. 1 O 2 was produced by pulse laser-induced photosensitization with either cationic or anionic porphyrin dye. Generation and decay of 1 O 2 were measured by its phosphorescence at 1270 nm in the presence of seven commerc…
The effect of fracture speed on the ductile fracture resistance of line-pipe steels can have an important effect in the basic understanding of the toughness requirements for crack arrest. Recently, the authors have extended the drop-weight tear test (DWTT) work and developed a modified back-slot (MBS) DWTT specimen to…
In this work the Pt-Co/OMC as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) cathode was evaluated under fuel-free and fuel-propanol in acid electrolyte conditions. By RDE measurements the ORR on the alloy seems to proceed via 4 e- transfer mechanism in acid media. In presence of 2-Propanol the alloy shows a high degree of tolerance…
The challenging exploration conditions appearing in ultra deep offshore projects promoted the development of high strength linepipe steel grades with yield strength of 80 ksi and higher in recent years. With increasing strength more attention has to be paid to welding procedures to realise the required mechanical prop…
This paper investigates the optimal timing of the first inspection for newly-built onshore underground natural gas pipelines with respect to external metal-loss corrosion by considering the generation of corrosion defects over time and time-dependent growth of individual defects. The non-homogeneous Poisson process is…