Materials Literature
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Abstract: The atomic-scale structure of tilt grain boundaries has been studied by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) in several ceramics and metals such as NiO, yttria stabilized zirconia, Au, and Al. It is found that when grain boundaries are formed between two crystals a considerable variety of modes of rela…
The influence of in combination with in the ppb range on the atmospheric corrosion of copper was investigated using on‐line gas analysis and gravimetry. Corrosion products were characterized qualitatively by x‐ray diffraction and quantitatively by gravimetry and ion‐chromatography of leaching solutions. Mechanisms are…
The dielectric response of a ferroelectric multilayer, having a designed heterogeneity, has been studied near its phase transition range by use of the Landau-Ginzburg theory. The coherent lattice coupling between ultrathin layers can be significantly strong, resulting in a broad phase transition of the superlattice sy…
The new formulation of the coupled-wave analysis recently proposed by Lalanne Morris [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A13, 779 (1996)] and by Granet Guizal [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A13, 1019 (1996)] that drastically improves the convergence performance of the method for lamellar gratings and for TM polarization is shown to be badly conditi…
The Lactobacillus helveticus L-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH) gene (ldhL) was isolated from a lambda library. The nucleotide sequence of the ldhL gene was determined and shown to have the capacity to encode a protein of 323 amino acids (35.3 kDa). The deduced sequence of the 35-kDa protein revealed a relatively hig…
The phase shift upon transmission of a nonabsorbing multilayer is shown to be a monotonically decreasing function of the wave number, with an average slope proportional to the optical thickness of the coating. Two limiting situations of the phase shift upon reflection are examined: In one the phase monotonically incre…
Fundamentals of Thin Film Optics and the Use of Graphical Methods in Thin Film Design Estimating What Can Be Done Before Designing Fourier Viewpoint of Optical Coatings Typical Equipment for Optical Coating Production Materials and Process Know-How Process Development Monitoring and Control of Thin Film Growth Appendi…
Abstract We investigated the surface electronic structure of an oxidized Ag(111) single crystal and a polycrystalline Cu foil prepared under conditions of pressure and temperature (1000 mbar and 900 K) far beyond those used in usual UHV studies. It has recently been shown that a strongly bound oxygen species (O γ ) ap…
Abstract Formation thermodynamics and structure of halogeno and pseudo-halogeno complexes of transition metal(II) and lanthanide(III) ions have been studied in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA), and compared with those in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Significant differences in the fo…
A ceramic matrix for carbon‐fiber‐reinforced ceramic‐matrix composites (CMCs) has been developed from poly‐siloxane/boron mixtures. Complex geometries can be realized by using standard technologies of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. On pyrolysis, the polymer—filler mixture is converted to a ceramic matrix, consis…
On the basis of the simplest Gaussian thread model for structurally symmetric copolymers, the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) theory is applied to study the equilibrium properties of diblock copolymer solutions under neutral solvent conditions. Analytic predictions are obtained for the influence of lo…
Protein Science, the flagship journal of The Protein Society, serves an international forum for publishing original reports on all scientific aspects of protein molecules. The Journal publishes papers by leading scientists from all over the world that report on advances in the understanding of proteins in the broadest…
The hexacyanotitanate salt, [Et 4 N] 3 [Ti(CN) 6 ]·4MeCN, has been prepared by addition of tetraethylammonium cyanide to the titanium(III) triflate salt Ti(O 3 SCF 3 ) 3 (MeCN) 3 . The orange crystalline product has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, and the d 1 anion is only slightly distorted from ideal O h sy…
The curing of liquid crystalline (LC) epoxides containing phenyl benzoate mesogens was studied under applied ac electric fields. When curing reactions began under a low-frequency electric field (∼1 V/μm), parallel molecular orientation slowly changed to perpendicular to the field, because a crossover (cutoff) frequenc…
An experimental investigation was carried out to measure transgranular stress corrosion crack growth rates (CGR) in precracked X-60 steel specimens exposed to neutral (pH 7) dilute simulated ground water (designated NS4) while being cyclically loaded in cantilever bending. Testing was carried out over short-term (gene…
Efficient preparation of thin films has been achieved with a high-density ablation plasma produced by the interaction of an intense, pulsed ion beam with solid targets, a process called ion beam evaporation, having an instantaneous deposition rate of cm/s. In addition to standard front-side deposition, backside deposi…
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polypropylene (PET/PP) were compounded and pelletized with a single-screw extruder. Standard ASTM tensile test specimens were made by injection moulding. The blends are stronger and stiffer than the plain PP specimens. The addition of a compatibilizer, EPOLENE E-43, is found to improve…
We report the synthesis of cadmium sulfide containing a periodic array of nanometer-sized cylindrical pores. The nanostructured cadmium sulfide was synthesized in a hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystal by the reaction between H2S and various cadmium salts. Interestingly, the counterion of the cadmium salt had a pronounc…
The isothermal oxidation of HfC single crystals with (100) orientation was carried out using an electromicrobalance at temperatures of 600° to 900°3C at an oxygen pressure of 2 to 8 kPa. Nonisothermal oxidation was performed by a simultaneous thermogravimetry—differential thermal analysis—mass spectrometry analysis. A…
A modern technique for a controlled surface modification of synthetic fibres consists of irradiation with a pulsed UV laser, which can be used to execute submicrometre surface treatment on polymers. Many types of synthetic fibres, e.g. poly(ethylene terephthalate), polyamides and aramides, show a characteristic surfac…