Materials Literature
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We have developed a well controlled method for manipulating carbon nanotubes. The first crucial process involved is to prepare a nanotube array, named a nanotube cartridge. We have discovered ac electrophoresis of nanotubes by which nanotubes are aligned at the knife-edge. The nanotubes used were multiwalled and prepa…
In multivariant systems, several energetically degenerate low temperature domain states can be produced at the structural phase transition. Coexistence of these domain states can produce mesoscopic structures that possess symmetries distinct from the microscopic single domain crystal symmetry. Such engineered domain s…
Si-based β-SiC quantum dots (QDs) were fabricated for exploring efficient blue emission from β-SiC nanostructures. Microstructural observations and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy reveal that the β-SiC QDs with sizes of 5–7 nm are embedded in the SiO2 and graphite matrices, displaying a locally tetragonal symmetry. P…
Nickel oxide thin films with a thickness of 100 nm were deposited on oxidized silicon wafers by rf magnetron sputtering from a NiO target in an Ar (nonreactive case) and an Ar+O2 atmosphere with various oxygen contents (reactive cases). The as-deposited films possess high compressive stresses (up to 3700 MPa) which de…
Abstract A fire retardant phosphorous‐containing bisphenol compound, bis(3‐diethyl phosphono‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐sulfide (DPHS), has been inserted in an epoxy network. In particular, a chain extension procedure has been used to incorporate DPHS into a standard bisphenol epoxy resin. Different amine catalysts have been te…
A family of linear chain nickelates $({\mathrm{Er}}_{x}{\mathrm{Y}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{BaNiO}}_{5}$ $(x=1,$ 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1) was studied by high-resolution spectroscopy of the ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ion. Energies of 38 crystal-field levels of ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ and exchange splittings for mo…
Ab initio calculations are performed in the framework of density functional theory and the local density approximation, to evaluate structural, thermodynamic and vibrational behaviour of MgAl 2 O 4 spinel with cationic disorder under pressure. An effective thermodynamic model using both a regular solution and a quadra…
We have investigated optical properties of amorphous silicon quantum dots (a-Si QDs) embedded in a silicon nitride grown on (100) silicon substrates by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The photoluminescence (PL) emission colors of red, orange, and blue were shown for the a-Si QDs with average dot sizes of 5.…
Using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation, we show that otherwise antiferromagnetically coupled chromium atoms in very small chromium clusters couple ferromagnetically when doped with a nitrogen atom, thus leading to giant magnetic moments. For example, the ma…
New molecular charge-transfer complexes of bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (ET), (ET)Cu(2)Br(4) (1), (ET)(2)Cu(6)Br(10) (2), (ET)(2)[Cu(4)Br(6)ET] (3), (ET)(2)Cu(2)Br(4) (4), (ET)(2)Cu(3)Br(7)(H(2)O) (5), and (ET)(2)Cu(6)Br(10)(H(2)O)(2) (6), have been synthesized by diffusing reaction of ET and Cu(II)Br(2). The…
Abstract In rotational molding, polymer powders are subjected to heating, melting, cooling, and subsequent solidification in biaxially rotating molds. Heat transfer phenomena during rotational molding are significantly affected by the presence of endothermic and exothermic transitions. In this paper instead of using t…
The oxidation of Cu{100} with a hyperthermal O2 molecular beam (HOMB) was investigated using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy in conjunction with a synchrotron light source. The efficiency of oxidation with HOMB is higher than that with ambient thermal O2. Further oxidation under oxygen coverage (Θ)⩾0.5 ML occurs rath…
The effect of dc magnetic bias field on the magnetoelectric coupling of a two-component magnetoelectric composite structure is investigated numerically using the finite-element method, in which the nonlinear magnetostress coupling for the magnetostrictive component is taken into account. It is shown that the magnetost…
The effect of N content on the structure and properties of rf reactively sputtered amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiNx) has been studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, x-ray reflectivity, ellipsometry, and nano-indentation. The N content in the film increased with the N2 concentration in the sputtering gas u…
Transmitted light microscope and SEM observations of various growth stages, including very young forms, of lithistid demosponge spicules called desmas provided a wealth of new observations on silica deposition in desmas of most lithistid demosponge groups. In typical (pachastrellid) demosponges a basic feature of sili…
$^{55}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}$ and $^{139}\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}$ NMR measurements on a high quality single crystal of ferromagnetic (FM) ${\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}}_{0.80}{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}_{0.20}{\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ demonstrate the formation of localized ${\mathrm{M}\mathrm{n}}^{3+,4+}$ states below $70\…
Abstract Polypropylene (PP) has not been used extensively in rotational foam molding because it has been traditionally considered as nonfavorable for foaming applications because of its relatively weak melt strength and melt elasticity at elevated temperatures. However, because of the unique end‐use properties of PP,…
In this paper we report precise thermal expansion data for the cubic negative thermal expansion material $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{ZrMo}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ which has an average expansion coefficient of $\ensuremath{-}6.9\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}{\mathrm{K}}^{\ensurema…
Landau–Devonshire-type phenomenological thermodynamic theory is employed to explain the electric field dependence of piezoelectric properties of tetragonal single domain PbZrxTi1−xO3 (PZT). The strong nonlinearity of the converse piezoelectric coefficient under a large external electric field is proved to be intrinsic…
We report the assembly of quantum dots using an approach that attempts to capitalize on the self-assembling properties of naturally occurring proteins. Colloidal quantum dots made of cadmium selenide core and a zinc sulfide shell, (CdSe)ZnS, were incubated with a genetically modified, bacterial cellulosomal protein, c…