Materials Literature
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Iodine is a main fission product of the fuel generated during power operation in nuclear power plants (NPPs). A severe NPP accident can cause fuel, containing fission products (FPs), control rod assemblies and core structures to melt and then release into the containment. The key signatures of iodine behaviour during…
The halides ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_{2},{\mathrm{CaBr}}_{2}$, and ${\mathrm{CrCl}}_{2}$ all adopt, at room temperature, the same distorted rutile structure, in orthorhombic space group $\mathit{Pnnm}$, known as the calcium chloride structure. Upon heating, ${\mathrm{CaCl}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{CaBr}}_{2}$ each undergoes a cont…
Nanocrystalline Ba1−xSrxTiO3 (0 < x < 1) nanopowders were prepared through the oxalate route and the influence of the thermal history on their dielectric properties was investigated. For pelletized samples obtained by decomposing the corresponding oxalate intermediates at 600 °C and then annealed at different temperat…
We have developed an approach to generate micropatterns of anisotropic organic materials which exploits the self-organization, driven by pi-stacking and hydrophobic interactions, of an ionic perylenebis(dicarboximide) in aqueous solutions.
A noncatalytic and template-free vapor transport process was developed to make possible simultaneous growth of single-crystalline tin nanowires, nanosquares, nanodisks, and polycrystalline nanoparticles. The formation of such a rich variety of morphologies in a single growth experiment can be attributed to variations…
Infection of implanted materials by bacteria constitutes one of the most serious complications following prosthetic and implant surgery. In the present study, a new strategy for confering stainless steel with antibacterial property via the alternate deposition of quaternized polyethylenimine (PEI) or quaternized polye…
High-pressure behaviors of bulk and nanocrystalline $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ samples have been studied by in situ high-pressure synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction measurements up to about $40\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ at ambient temperature. It is found that the smaller the nanocrystal $\mathrm…
Local pressures are important in the calculation of interface tensions and in analyzing micromechanical behavior. The calculation of local pressures in computer simulations has been limited to systems with pairwise interactions between the particles, which is not sufficient for chemically detailed systems with many-bo…
The nanostructured assembly of porphyrin and gold nano-particles exhibits distinct enhancement of photocurrents from porphyrin in the longer wavelength region, where the localized plasmon resonance was responsible
Current methods to promote growth of cultured neurons use two-dimensional (2D) glass or polystyrene surfaces coated with a charged molecule (e.g. poly-L-lysine (PLL)) or an isolated extracellular matrix (ECM) protein (e.g. laminin-1). However, these 2D surfaces represent a poor topological approximation of the three-d…
Hydrophobic layered double hydroxide particles with a single layer structure have been successfully synthesised in a reverse microemulsion system; atomic force microscopy has proven a powerful tool for the study of these delicate nanoparticles.
Giant clusters: Metal-assisted hydrolysis of 2,6-bis(2-pyridylcarbonyl)pyridine with Co(O2CMe)2⋅4 H2O in hot DMF yielded an icosanuclear CoII complex containing the triply deprotonated bis(gem-diol) form of the ligand and exhibiting superparamagnetic relaxation of its magnetization. The picture shows the central Co–O…
Abstract The effects of inter‐yarn friction on the ballistic performance of woven fabric armour are investigated in this paper. Frictional sliding between yarns is implemented in a computational model of the fabric that takes the form of a network. Yarn crimp and its viscoelastic properties are taken into account. Bal…
Our ab initio calculations of CO adsorption on several low and high miller index surfaces of Cu show that the adsorption energy increases as the coordination of the adsorption site decreases from 11 to 6, in qualitative agreement with experimental observations. On each surface the adsorption energy is also found to de…
Sculpted SERS-active substrates are prepared by assembling a closed packed monolayer of uniform polystyrene colloidal particles (diameter 350 to 800 nm) onto an evaporated gold surface and then electrodepositing gold through this template to produce films with controlled thicknesses, measured as fractions of the spher…
The evolution of the thermopower EuCu{2}(Ge{1-x}Si{x}){2} intermetallics, which is induced by the Si-Ge substitution, is explained by the Kondo scattering of conduction electrons on the Eu ions which fluctuate between the magnetic 2+ and non-magnetic 3+ Hund's rule configurations. The Si-Ge substitution is equivalent…
Recently, magnetic order in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) induced by proton broad- and microbeam irradiation was discovered. Theoretical models propose that hydrogen could play a major role in the magnetism mechanism. We analysed the hydrogen distribution of pristine as well as irradiated HOPG samples, whi…
We computed by a Monte Carlo method derived from the Solid on Solid model, the evolution of a polycrystalline thin film deposited on a substrate during thermal treatment. Two types of substrates have been studied: a single crystalline substrate with no defects and a single crystalline substrate with defects. We obtain…
The superconductor YB6 has the second highest critical temperature Tc among the boride family MBn. We report measurements of the specific heat, resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and thermal expansion from 2 to 300 K, using a single crystal with Tc = 7.2 K. The superconducting gap is characteristic of medium-strong…