Materials Literature
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ZnO typifies a class of materials that can be doped via native defects in only one way: either n type or p type. We explain this asymmetry in ZnO via a study of its intrinsic defect physics, including ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{\mathrm{O}},$ ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{i},$ ${\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{O}},$ ${\mathrm{O}}_{i},$ and ${V}_{\mathrm{…
Polyvinyl alcohol was treated by different weights of sodium acetylacetonate Na (acac) ranging from 5 to 20% wt/wt. Thin films of pure and treated polyvinyl alcohol were prepared by casting. The structure of pure PVA was affected by the treatment process (to form polymer metal complex) and additional peaks were observ…
Abstract In recent years, a number of new HT/HP reservoirs have been developed in the North Sea. The Shearwater reservoir is a gas condensate producer located in Block 22/30 in the North Sea. This reservoir has very harsh downhole conditions as follows: T ~ 370°F, P > 13,000 psi, brine TDS > 250,000 mg/l…
Abstract When scale problems occur into the tubings, without hardly affecting the well productivity, it can be interesting to find new downhole injection means, representing an alternative to classical squeezes. On some wells of block 3 in Angola, the squeezes turned out difficult because of the reservoir heterogeneit…
Abstract This paper presents the methodology for characterisation (sampling and analysis) of formation water and scale prediction in the waterflooding project of a deep-water field, from Campos Basin, Brazil. A subsea well A, representative from an oil-producing sandstone reservoir of this field was selected for sampl…
We studied the decay of self-trapped excitons (STE's) in ${\mathrm{BaF}}_{2},$ ${\mathrm{SrF}}_{2},$ and ${\mathrm{CaF}}_{2}$ excited at room temperature by two-photon absorption of femtosecond laser pulses by recording time-resolved triplet-luminescence spectra. For ${\mathrm{BaF}}_{2}$ we detected significant spectr…
Abstract Calcium carbonate is a commonly occurring oilfield scale which proves to be difficult to manage. Carbonate scale prediction can be improved by considering the kinetic chemistry in addition to the conventional thermodynamics based predictive techniques. To improve the performance of a predictive model, a thoro…
Abstract Precipitation of mineral scales causes many problems in oil and gas production operations: formation damage, production losses, increased workovers in both producers and injectors, poor injection water quality, and equipment failures due to under-deposit corrosion. The most common mineral scales are sulfate a…
The metallic state in conjugated polymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes is studied by dielectric spectroscopy (8--600 GHz). We have found an intriguing correlation between scattering time $(\ensuremath{\tau})$ and plasma frequency $({\ensuremath{\omega}}_{p}):\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\propto}{\ensuremath{\ome…
In the title compound, [Eu(NO3)3(H2O)4]·2H2O, the Eu atom is ten-coordinated by three bidentate nitrates and four water molecules. Furthermore, two water molecules are included in the crystal structure forming a complicated network of hydrogen bonds. [Eu(NO3)3(H2O)4]·2H2O is isostructural with other lanthanide analo…
Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a water‐soluble and biomedical polymer. 2‐Acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid was grafted onto PVA using ammonium persulfate as radical initiator. The influences of synthesis conditions such as temperature, concentrations of initiator, PVA and monomer were investigated. Bot…
Abstract The Veslefrikk field is located in block 30/3 of the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. The field has now been on production for approximately ten years, and can be described as being in the decline phase. The Brent and IDS zones contain different fluid systems, and are produced through several commingled wel…
The structural properties of single crystals of R 0.5 Sr 1.5 MnO 4 (R = La, Pr, and Nd) grown by the floating zone method have been studied using the neutron diffraction technique. In particular, the structure and its correlation with the magnetic properties have been investigated for Nd 0.5 Sr 1.5 MnO 4 by using both…
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Abstract A laboratory study of CaCO3 scaling kinetics has been undertaken to obtain information useful for prediction of CaCO3 scale formation. Thermodynamic carbonate scale prediction models have only a limited use since the rate of CaCO3 precipitation can be very slow at lower temperatures (< 60°C). The induc…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTEmbedding of Noble Metal Nanoclusters into Polymers as a Potential Probe of the Surface Glass TransitionV. Zaporojtchenko, T. Strunskus, J. Erichsen, and F. FaupelView Author Information Lehrstuhl für Materialverbunde, Technische Fakult…
Abstract One of the flow assurance challenges facing the deepwater oil and gas field development and production is mineral scale control. In a deepwater production system, barium sulfate scale deposition may arise from two causes, namely: a) commingling of injected seawater with connate formation water, and b) tempera…
Starting from commercially available Ni(II)octaethylporphyrin (OEP), an efficient approach for the preparation of a series of fluorinated and nonfluorinated benzochlorins with variable lipophicity has been developed. Their spectroscopic properties, preliminary in vitro photosensitizing efficacy, and tumor selectivity…
Abstract One of the major concerns within the oil industry is how to deal with scale formation, whether it is in the wellhead equipment, downhole pipelines or the actual field formation. This is because as the scale forms, it begins to deposit itself on the linings of the pipelines, within the equipment and the pores…
Abstract The effect of solvents on radiation‐induced grafting of styrene onto commercial fluorinated polymer films such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐ co ‐hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐ co ‐perfluorovinyl ether) (PFA) was investigated by a simultaneous irradiat…