Materials Literature
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Diagnosis and treatment all in one: Multifunctional magneto-polymeric nanohybrids (MMPNs) have been synthesized using ultrasensitive MnFe2O4 nanocrystals, chemotherapeutic agents, and encapsulating amphiphilic block copolymers for targeted detection by MRI and treatment of breast cancer. See the TEM image (left) of an…
Abstract Au and Ag nanoparticles have optical properties that have made them useful as tags in a wide variety of measurement schemes. This Progress Report discusses several different schemes in which Au and Ag nanoparticles have been used as surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags for the measurement of biomolec…
A zinc(II)phtalocyanine-tin(IV)porphyrin dyad with a strong electronic coupling was synthesized and upon light excitation shown to exhibit ultra-fast, long-range electron transfer in a single step.
We have developed a device fabrication process to pattern graphene into nanostructures of arbitrary shape and control their electronic properties using local electrostatic gates. Electronic transport measurements have been used to characterize locally gated bipolar graphene p-n-p junctions. We observe a series of frac…
Nanostructured materials provide a promising platform for early cancer detection and treatment. Here we highlight recent advances in the synthesis and use of Au nanocages for such biomedical applications. Gold nanocages represent a novel class of nanostructures, which can be prepared via a remarkably simple route base…
Folate-conjugated gold nanorods targeted to tumor cell surfaces produced severe membrane damage upon near-infrared irradiation. Photoinduced injury to the plasma membrane resulted in a rapid increase in intracellular calcium (shown in green) with subsequent disruption of the actin network, featured prominently by the…
A dopamine-PEG based ligand is synthesized and used to stabilize monodisperse 9 nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles in physiological conditions and against non-specific uptake by macrophage cells. Such stable nanoparticles can be used to enhance the efficiency in target-specific drug delivery and to increase the signal-to-noise ra…
We report an analysis of the change in character of the fluid-to-solid transition in a quasi-two-dimensional hard-sphere colloid system as the confining wall separation changes from one to two hard-sphere diameters. Our analysis is based on a study of the bifurcation of solutions of the integral equation for the singl…
From the formation of crystalline materials from their melts is at the heat of many important industrial processes. A rigorous and comprehensive understanding of the crystallization process, however, is still lacking, and its experimental and theoretical investigation has remained a considerable challenge. We studied…
We investigate the existence and location of the surface phase known as the "Surface-Attached Globule" (SAG) conjectured previously to exist in lattice models of three-dimensional polymers when they are attached to a wall that has a short range potential. The bulk phase, where the attractive intra-polymer interactions…
Electron-stimulated desorption of bridge-bonded oxygen atoms on the $\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}(110)$ surface at elevated temperature is used to produce an oxygen-deficient $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ reconstruction. Low energy electron diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles…
The aim of this study was to find a novel simple method to obtain polysaccharide ultrathin layers on solid substrates to investigate the interaction between the surface and the biological environment. A Hyaluronan (Hyal) monolayer with a well-defined chemistry was obtained by exploiting the capability of organosilanes…
The electrochemical behavior of nitinol in simulated human bile and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed in the simulated bile and salt-only bile, and the results compared with those obtained pre…
A sulfur-containing single molecule magnet, [Mn12O12(O2CC6H4SCH3)16(H2O)4], was assembled from solution on a Au(111) surface affording both submonolayer and monolayer coverages. The adsorbate morphology and the degree of coverage were inspected by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), while X-ray photoelectron spectros…
Hydrogen silsesquioxane is used as a solution-borne molecular precursor in the fabrication of highly luminescent thin films of SiO2 containing silicon nanocrystals. Films are readily formed on non-flat substrates (e.g., optical fibers) and patterned using e-beam lithography (see figure).
Abstract Modifications in textile properties of polyester because of laser irradiation were studied. Properties included fabric weight, fiber diameter, tensile strength and elongation, yarn abrasion, bending, surface luster, wetting, air permeability as well as crystallinity. Some properties were affected significantl…
Nanoparticles of molybdenum carbide in two different phases were synthesized by the pyrolysis of a Mo-derived inorganic−organic hybrid system. The size and structure of the Mo 2 C nanoparticles were found to be uniquely influenced by the pyrolytic conditions: 2−4 nm particles were produced in the α-Mo 2 C phase at 850…
Similar wormlike palladium nanocrystals are produced by various synthetic methods such as reverse micelles and phase-transfer reactions. Palladium nanocrystals, stabilized by dodecylamine as a coating agent, are produced by chemical reduction of PdCl 2 by sodium borohydride, NaBH 4 . A soft digestive ripening process,…
Disconnections are interfacial defects with dislocation and step character; for example, twinning dislocations in homo-phase and transformation dislocations in hetero-phase materials. They play important structural roles and are classified as either ‘perfect’, separating energetically degenerate regions of interface,…
The solubility of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), 2,3-dinitrotoluene (2,3-DNT), 4-nitrotoluene (NT), and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) was measured in seawater with ionic strength = (0.1662, 0.3352, 0.5071, and 0.6820) mol·L -1 and pure water at temperatures between (277 and 314) K. The pure water solubility values compar…