Materials Literature
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An extended and refined scattering-matrix method is proposed for the efficient full parallel implementation of rigorous coupled-wave analysis of multilayer structures. The total electromagnetic field distribution in the rigorous coupled-wave analysis is represented by the linear combination of the eigenmodes with thei…
Using circularly polarized x rays, we compare the electronic and magnetic properties of a ${\mathrm{La}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1∕3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{LSMO})∕\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{STO})$ and a modified $\mathrm{LSMO}∕\mathrm{La}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{LMO})∕\mathrm{ST…
Bi Fe O 3 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition on Pt∕TiO2∕SiO2∕Si substrates were studied as photoelectrode for water splitting. Under visible-light irradiation, the photocurrent intensity of the polycrystalline BiFeO3 film was found to double that of the amorphous one in a three-electrode cell. The incident phot…
$\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ magnetic nanoparticles ranging in average diameter from $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ were synthesized into a polystyrene resin matrix by an ion-exchange method and c…
We give an analytical basis for the theory of optimal beam splitting by one-dimensional gratings. In particular, we use methods from the calculus of variations to derive analytical expressions for the optimal phase function.
Giant magnetoelectric (ME) voltage and charge coefficients have been found in long-type composites of high-permeability magnetostrictive FeBSiC alloy ribbons laminated together with piezoelectric Pb(Zn1∕3,Nb2∕3)O3–7%PbTiO3 single crystal fibers. The maximum ME voltage and charge coefficients at low frequencies were 10…
Abstract We present a comprehensive investigation on the formation of gold nanoparticles in spherical polyelectrolyte brushes. These colloidal carrier particles consist of a solid polystyrene core onto which long cationic polyelectrolyte chains are grafted. Immersed in water these polyelectrolyte chains can be used to…
Observation of a brush on the cell surface with the atomic force microscopy (AFM) in vitro is reported. The number of methods to study brushes that coat living cells is limited despite their biological importance. Moreover, it is important to take into account the brush layer when studying cell mechanics. Here the aut…
Thin films of Bi(Fe1−xScx)O3 (BFSO) system were fabricated on (111)Pt∕TiO2∕SiO2∕(100)Si substrates by chemical solution deposition to improve the electrical resistivity by substituting electrically unstable Fe3+ cations for stable Sc3+ cations. A single phase of perovskite was obtained in the range of x=0–0.30, in whi…
Conductance histograms of work-hardened Al show a series up to 11 equidistant peaks with a period of 1.15 +/- 0.02 of the quantum conductance unit G_0 = 2e^2/h. Assuming the peaks originate from atomic discreteness, this agrees with the value of 1.16 G_0 per atom obtained in numerical calculations by Hasmy et al.
We report Raman study of oxygen reduced single crystal strontium titanate. Oxygen reduction leads to the appearance of the forbidden first-order Raman peaks, as well as spectral features attributed to the local vibrational modes associated with oxygen vacancies. This assignment is supported by ab initio calculations o…
Biaxial stress of ZnO film deposited on quartz was measured by side-inclination x-ray diffraction technique, indicating that the film is subjected to a tensile stress. One part of the stress is induced by thermal mismatch between the ZnO and the quartz and increases with annealing temperature, while another part resul…
Passivation of CdSe semiconductor nanocrystals can be achieved by overcoating the particles with a homogeneous shell of a second semiconductor. Shell layers are grown in monolayer steps to ensure homogeneous growth of the shell. The relative band edges of the two materials determine the photoreactiveity of the resulta…
We report the existence of broad and weakly asymmetric features in the high-energy (G) Raman modes of freely suspended metallic carbon nanotubes of defined chiral index. A significant variation in peak width (from 12 cm(-1) to 110 cm(-1)) is observed as a function of the nanotube's chiral structure. When the nanotubes…
Understanding of the structure and dynamics of liquids and glasses at an atomistic level lags well behind that of crystalline materials, even though they are important in many fields. Metallic liquids and glasses provide an opportunity to make significant advances because of its relative simplicity. We propose a micro…
Abstract In the case of chemical reactions with temperature dependent reaction heat, differences in the activation energy values are obtained using the Friedman (FR) and the advanced non‐linear (NLN) isoconversional methods. The FR method leads to systematic errors when the reaction heat significantly changes with the…
Influential electro-optical and textural properties in the smectic C* phase have been observed using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs). An application of mere 0.1V brings fivefold increase in optical tilt and doping creates a strong intrinsic field inside the sample generating high ti…
The authors report the impact response of water droplets impinging on superhydrophobic carbon nanotube arrays and observe that arrays with different wetting properties display significantly different responses. For an array with a static contact angle of 163°, the droplet bounces off the surface several times, while f…
Porphycene is an aromatic macrocycle and a constitutional isomer of porphyrin. It and its derivatives display unique physical and optical properties, including strong absorptions in the red region of the UV-vis spectrum. These features have made porphycene and porphycene analogues appealing molecules for use in biomed…
We perform a theoretical study of the nonlinear optical response of an ultrathin film consisting of oriented linear aggregates. A single aggregate is described by a Frenkel exciton Hamiltonian with uncorrelated on-site disorder. The exciton wave functions and energies are found exactly by numerically diagonalizing the…