Materials Literature
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Abstract Polystyrene/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared via in situ bulk polymerization. New imidazolium salts were used to modify montmorillonite obtaining an improvement in thermal stability in comparison with a montmorillonite modified with a standard alkylammonium cation. The synthesized cations facilita…
We investigated the adhesive mucilage and mechanism of cell‐substratum adhesion of two benthic raphid diatoms, the marine species Craspedostauros australis E. J. Cox and the freshwater species Pinnularia viridis (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg. SEM images of P. viridis and C. australis cells revealed the presence of multistranded…
The creation of microlenses from hydrogel microparticles is demonstrated. The fabrication of substrate‐supported microgels is performed using electrostatic interactions between aminopropyltrimethoxysilane‐functionalized glass substrates and acrylic acid groups present on the microgel surface. The lensing ability is il…
We investigated the internal dynamics of several electro-fluid shuttle memory elements, consisting of several media encapsulated in C640 nanocapsule. The systems proposed were (i) bucky shuttle memory devices (C36+ @C420 and C60+ @C420), (ii) encapsulated-ions shuttle memory devices ((13+)@C420, (3+ -C60-2+ )@C640 and…
We use point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy to measure the transport spin polarization of MnAs epitaxial films grown on (001) GaAs. By analyzing both the temperature dependence of the contact resistance and the phonon spectra of lead, acquired simultaneously with the spin polarization measurements, we demonst…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) in aqueous solution was used to investigate native nacre of the marine snail Haliotis laevigata on the microscopic scale and the interaction of purified nacre proteins with calcium carbonate crystals on the nanoscopic scale. These investigations were controlled by scanning electron micros…
Positively charged zinc oxide clusters ZnnOm (up to n = 16, m <= n) of various stoichiometry were synthesized in the gas phase by excimer ArF laser ablation of a ZnO target and investigated using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Depending on ablation conditions, either metal rich or stoichiometric clusters dominate i…
We use molecular dynamics as a tool to understand the structure and phase transitions [Osman et. al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 4433; 2002, 106, 653] in alkylammonium micas. The consistent force field 91 is extended for accurate simulation of mica and related minerals. We investigate mica sheets with 12 octadecyltrim…
The properties of organically modified clay minerals determine essentially the quality of polymer-clay nanocomposites. We investigate alkylammonium-micas with different alkyl chain length by molecular dynamics simulation as homogeneous mixtures and separated island structures on the mica surface (80 percent alkali exc…
Anchorage-dependent cells collect information on the mechanical properties of the environment through their contractile machineries and use this information to position and orient themselves. Since the probing process is anisotropic, cellular force patterns during active mechanosensing can be modelled as anisotropic f…
Food scientists aim to control the taste and texture of existing food products and to formulate new structures of high quality using novel combinations of ingredients and processing methods. Food Colloids, Biopolymers and Materials describes the physical chemistry and material science underlying the formulation and be…
We have performed first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential calculations to study the electronic structures, structural optimization, and formation energies of intrinsic vacancies in bulk ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}.$ The anion and cation vacancy-induced levels appeared near the valence- and conduction-band edges in the b…
Abstract Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) purified by acidic solution were processed with PMMA via an in‐situ polymerization. Experimental evidences indicate the role of radical initiator (AIBN) and MWNT, showing increases of polymerization rate and MWNT diameter. Induced radicals on the MWNT by AIBN were found to…
We study the effect of the zero- to one-dimensional (1D) transformation on multiparticle Auger recombination using a series of elongated semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum rods). We observe a transition from the three- to two-particle recombination process as the nanocrystal aspect ratio is increased. This transition…
We provide evidence that proton irradiation of energy 2.25 MeV on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite samples triggers ferro- or ferrimagnetism. Measurements performed with a superconducting quantum interferometer device and magnetic force microscopy reveal that the magnetic ordering is stable at room temperature.
Monodispersed cubic calcium carbonate composite particles were prepared by the precipitation reaction of sodium carbonate with calcium chloride in water in the presence of polyacrylic acid (PAA) at 60–80 °C, and then characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanni…
Abstract The preparation and properties of poly(4‐methyl‐1‐pentene) (PMP)/clay nanocomposites are reported. Melt intercalation of PMP is carried out with organoclays of different cation/charge exchange capacities and modifiers to facilitate intercalation of the polymer into the silicate layers. The effect of modifiers…
The equivalent internal field model, originally developed for linear one-dimensional chromophores, is extended to three-dimensional multipolar chromophores. The extension requires two generalizations to the model. First, the equivalent internal field must be generalized to an equivalent internal potential. Second, all…
{100} oriented Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films were deposited by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on both Ir/MgO(100) and Ir/MgAl2O4/SiO2/Si(100) substrates. The x-ray Φ-scan spectra for the (202) reflections revealed each film had fourfold symmetry, which was epitaxially grown as cube-on-cube. The switchable polar…
We report the mechanical properties of [(1−x)%]Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−x%PbTiO3 ceramics with PbTiO3 content changed from 23% to 0% measured at the vibration frequency of about 1 kHz. Two modulus kinks can be observed in any of the samples. The kink appears at higher temperature can be attributed to the stress-induced relaxa…