Materials Literature
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Based on similarity principle, a water model with geometrical-similar ratio 1:7 is established to study circulation flow behavior of liquid in 145 t RH vacuum refining unit. The effect of lifting gas flowrate (60 〜140 m3/h), inserting depth of snorkel (400 ~ 600 mm) and liquid height in vacuum chamber (426 ~526 mm) on…
The effect of deformation (10% ~50%) and temperature (850 ~ 1 000 ℃) on pearlite, ferrite size and ratio in hot rolled Φ190 mm product of steel 27SiMn (/% ： 0. 27C, 1. 20Si, 1. 25Mn, 0. 015Mo, 0. 021 Ti) for coal machine has been studied by using Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator. Results show that with increasing deform…
Test steel is melted by a 50 kg vacuum induction furnace, forged to 60 mm slab, homogenized at 1 250 ℃ then hot-rolled to 4 mm plate and cold rolled to 1 mm sheet. The effect of austempering temperature (350 ~ 450 °C) and holding time (1 ~ 10 min) on structure and mechanical properties of 820℃ 3 min quenched test TRIP…
With the process measures including increasing temperature of liquid in BOF tapping ( steel Q235A/Q35B 1 660 ~ 1 670 °C , steel Q345A/Q345B 1 665 ~ 1 675℃ ,end [C]≥O. 06% , end [P]≤0.025% ) , intensifying ladle turnover administration, reducing down slag amount, adding modifier or desulphurizing agent for slagging and…
Based on prototype of 150 t ladle, the effect of diameter of immersed cylinder inserting in ladle (50 ~ 130 mm), inserting depth (30 ~ 150 mm) and bottom blowing gas rate (0. 03 -0.48 m3/h) on mixing time of liquid and amplitude of liquid level has been studied by using geometry similarity ratio 1 ： 7 water model. Res…
The pilot production flow sheet for 300 mm x 300 mm bloom of steel EA1N (/%: 0. 32 ~0. 38C, 0. 15 ~0. 35Si, 0. 80 ~ 1. 10Mn, ≤0. 015P, ≤0.010S) for axle is 60 t EAF-LF-VD-8.4 t ingot casting-1 000 mm blooming mill breakdown process. With the process measures including EAF hot charging ≥70% pre-treating hot metal, EAF…
The dynamic (deforming 50% at 950 °C with deformation rate 5 s-1cooling to ambient) and static (nondeforming, 880 °C, cooling to ambient) continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves with cooling rate 0. 5 ~20 °C/s of non-quenching-and-tempering steel C38N2 (/%: 0. 38C,0. 55Si, 1.42Mn,0. 011P,0. 047S,0. 03Nb,0. 015T…
The effect of acid-soluble aluminium Als content in steel on morphology, ingredient, number and melting point of inclusions in silicon killed steel has been studied by 500 g MoSi2electric resistance furnace melting trial, and the micro-observation on residue of nozzle clogging at situ of KR metal pretreatment-BOF-Ar b…
The removing process of inclusions by bubble wake in steel has been studied by using water model and high-speed video recorder and the rule of inclusions removing through bubble wake and the effect of bubble size and inclusion size and concentration on inclusions removing by bubble wake are analyzed. Results show that…
Based on the research prototype of an 18t tundish for three-strand unsymmetrical casting 250 mm X 280 mm bloom at Xining Special Steel, the effect of 3 kinds of flow control device on flow field of liquid in tundish is studied by using geometric similarity ratio 1： 2. 2 water model to get optimum new type baffle. Resu…
A heat transfer model for steel 37Mn5 Φ210 mm round bloom casting is established by software ANSYS to study the effect of casting speed 1. 3 ~ 1. 5 m/min, liquid overheating extent 15° ~ 60° and secondary cooling water rate 0. 58 ~ 0. 78 L/kg during casting bloom heat transfer process on casting bloom surface temperat…
A test for the effect of stress-relieving annealing with unit stress 20 MPa and annealing speed 8. 0 ~ 15. 0 m/min at 250 ~400 Y on mechanical properties of 0. 12 mm strip cold-rolled from 1. 2 mm hot-rolled plate of stainless steel SUS301 (/% : 0. 13C, 0. 35Si, 1.63Mn, 0. 033P, 0. 002S, 16. 54Cr, 6. 27Ni, 0. 051N) ha…
The thermal-fatigue behavior with 800 cycles of ambient-1 000℃ for 1. 5 mm cold-rolled sheet of 409,429 and 441 super ferrite stainless steels produced by pre-treaded metal-90 t K OBM S-VOD-LF-slab CC flow sheet for auto exhaust pipeline has been studied. Results show that the thermal-fatigue (crack length with 800 cy…
The effect of structure of electroslag remelting (ESR) mold, cooling intensity t voltage, current and slow- cooling method on internal cracks of 200 kg ESR ingot of Fe-Cr-Al alloy (/%: 0. 024C, 0. 26Si, 0. 17Mn, 20.1Cr, 5. 3Al, 0. 05RE) has been studied by pilot-scale production. Results show that with the measures in…
The simulation test on controlling rolling and cooling process for Φ28 mm round billet of cold heading steel 10B21 (/% : 0. 20C, 0. 20Si, 0. 85Mn, 0. 014P, 0.005S, 0. 001 8B) to be going to finishing rolling has been carried out by using Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine to study the effect of finishing rolling…
Polyaniline (PANI) thin films have been electrochemically synthesized onto conducting glass substrates. The current study demonstrates that the properties of PANI films depend on the concentration of dopant acid. Well-adherent PANI coatings were obtained under potentiodynamic conditions during sequential scanning of t…
The practical application of organic fluorophores in bioimaging is severely limited due to their generally poor stability. In this Highlight, we emphasize several representative strategies including nanoparticle-encapsulating dyes, dye-doped nanoparticles and molecular engineering for stabilizing fluorophores, especia…
Light-emitting semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) combined with magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents within a single nanoparticle platform are considered to perform as multimodal imaging probes in biomedical research and related clinical applications. The principles of their rational design are outlined and contem…
Variable sizes of nanoparticles, ranging from nano to micro scale, are of toxicological interest. In the present study, the authors hypothesized that, in addition to the size, the shape of iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles is a major factor that contributes to particle cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity to mouse macrophage cel…
The microphase separation of block copolymer (BCP) thin films can afford a simple and cost-effective means to studying nanopattern surfaces, and especially the fabrication of nanocircuitry. However, because of complex interface effects and other complications, their 3D morphology, which is often critical for applicati…