Materials Literature
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In this opinion piece, we discuss recent advances in experimental methods for characterizing phase change heat transfer. We begin with a survey of techniques for high-resolution measurements of temperature and heat flux at the solid surface and in the working fluid. Next, we focus on diagnostic tools for boiling heat…
Spin pumping and spin-transfer torques are two reciprocal phenomena widely studied in ferromagnetic materials. However, pumping from antiferromagnets and its relation to current-induced torques have not been explored. By calculating how electrons scatter off a normal metal-antiferromagnetic interface, we derive pumped…
The technology of drawing with shear is developed. It allows increasing technological plasticity of low carbon steel without heat treatment. It is found that the use of experimental technology can improve mechanical properties of wire samples with the diameter reduced during drawing: the relative reduction of the wire…
Our density functional theory calculations for Fe_{13-n}M_{n} for M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu up to n = 4 show that the icosahedral symmetry of Fe13, albeit minor changes in bond lengths, is robust despite doping and is retained for all homotops of Mn, Co, Ni and Cu. Based on analysis of density of states of…
Technologies for reducing hydrodynamic skin-friction drag have a huge potential for energy-savings in applications ranging from propulsion of marine vessels to transporting liquids through pipes. The majority of previous experimental studies using hydrophobic surfaces have successfully shown skin-friction drag reducti…
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are being discharged into the environment and to agricultural fields, with unknown impacts on crop species. In this paper, we review the literature on ENMs uptake, translocation/distribution, and generational transmission in various crop species, as well as potential material trophic tr…
The acid-resistant pipe line steel API X65 (/% : ≤0. 045C, 0. 15 ~0. 35Si, 1. 50 ~ 1. 65Mn, ≤ 0. 008P, ≤0. 001 2S, 0.02 ~ 0.06Alt, 0.45 ~ 0.65Nb, 0.01 ~ 0. 025Ti) is melt by desulphurized metal-100 t top and bottom combined blowing Converter-LF-RH-slab CC flow sheet. The effect of process parameters including drainage…
Based on statistic-analyzing the effect of converter earlier stage slag basicity and liquid temperature, end slag basicity, total iron content in end slag and end liquid temperature on dephosphorization rate, the process for 180 t top and bottom combined blown converter steelmaking high-phosphorus steel with 0. 29% Si…
Based on ion-molecule coexistence theory, a thermodynamic model for calculation of sulphur partition ratio between 57CaO-10SiO2-8 MgO-25 Al2O3quaternary slag series and liquid steel has been established by calculating the mass action concentration of ladle furnace (LF) refining slag structural units to get the sulphur…
The effect of annealing temperature (850 ~950 °C ) and holding time (5 ~ 18 min) on structure and texture of 0. 35 mm sheet by 6 passes cold-rolling from 2.3 mm hot-rolled plate of silicon steel (/% : 0.036C, 3.15Si, 0.21Mn, 0.005P, 0.007S, 0.032Al) has been tested and studied. Results show that the higher the anneali…
During production of 150 ~ 180 mm casting slab of SS400, D36 and X70 steel with casting speed 0. 95 m/min by 1#caster at steelworks the longitudinal crack at comer of slab easily occurs and the max occurrence rate of crack is up to 5%. The solidification and heat transfer model of two-dimensional slice type of slab ca…
The two-pass hot compressed test for 15 mm plate forged from 50 mm cast slab of spring steel 50CrV4 (/% : 0.53C, 0.18Si, 0. 84Mn, 0.012P, 0. 003S, 0. 92Cr, 0. 12V, 0.02Ti) has been carried out by using Gleeble-1500 thermo-simulation machine. The behavior of static recrystallization of steel during deformation at 850 ~…
The effect of process parameters including water rate 2. 54 ~3. 16 m3/h , gas rate 0. 037 ~ 0.110 m3/h, slide gate opening degree (51% ~ 100% ) and nozzle submerged depth 78 ~ 108 mm on gas ratio distribution at wide side of mold for slab casting with nozzle argon blowing has been analyzed by an established 108 mm x 4…
The 30 t H type tundish Induction heating device is used for production of 370 mm x 490 mm casting bloom of steel grades including bearing steel, steel for tyre cord wire, steel for auto and steel for oil drill tool. The tundish heating principle, equipment structure, masonry technology and heating rating control are…
Based on analysis on solidification characteristics of steel 37Mn5 (/% ： 0. 34 ~0. 39C, 0. 20 ~ 0. 35Si, 1. 25 ~ 1. 50Mn) during casting, a thermal-mechanical coupled mathematical model is established by using software ANSYS to simulate the solidification process of Φ210 mm casting round bloom and analyze with 40 t tu…
Based on established geometric model the three dimensional numerical simulation on the effect of oxygen lance nozzle parameters (angle between nozzle 12° ~ 13°, nozzle number 4, flow rate 22000 ~ 24000 m3/h) of top and bottom combined blown converter tapping 110 t liquid steel on jet has been carried out by using soft…
Based on the model of isothermal austenite grain growth of steel 42CrMo for bearing ring of shield tunneling machine, the model of austenite grain growth during continuous heating process of steel has been established by using the principle of additivity. The effect of original austenite grain size is considered in th…
Based on the analysis on eroding mechanism of casting mold powder to aluminum-zirconium submerged nozzle during casting 6 strand 140 mm x 140 mm billet, with controlling the liquid level in mold from original plane straight line form to up-and-down periodical fluctuation twist line form ( amplitude 5 mm and cycle for…
The test steel 316LN (/% : 0.011C, 0.49Si, 1.52Mn, 0.016P, 0.001S, 16.65Cr, 13.43Ni, 2.18Mo, 0. 153N) is Φ 180 mm round bar forged and primary-rolled from 7. 2 t ingot. The hot deformation behavior and structure evolution rule of steel 316LN with strain rate 0. 1 ~ 50 s-1at 1 050 ~ 1 200 ℃ has been studied by using th…
The effect of furnace gas on surface quality o£ continuous cast slab and hot rolled plate of stainless steel 304 (/% : ≤0. 08C, 18 ~20Cr, 8 ~ 10.5Ni) has been studied by theory analysis , verification in laboratory test and commercial pilot-production. The commercial production results show that as the water vapour co…