Materials Literature
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The main chemical composition of EAF primary liquid metal for steelmaking high nitrogen stainless steel 10Cr21Mn16NiN (/% ： 0.03 ~0.13C, 0. 30 ~0. 60Si, 15.0-17. 0Mn, ≤0.045P, ≤0.030S, 21. 0 ~ 22. 0Cr, 1.0~ 1. 8Ni, 0. 40 ~0. 65N) is 2. 20% C, 21. 32% Cr. The decarburizing of liquid is carried out by top-blowing and bo…
The test M2 steel (/%: 0. 81C, 0. 31 Si, 0. 33Mn, 4. 01 Cr, 4.57Mo, 5. 71W, 1. 77V) is melted by a 25 kg high-frequency induction furnace and cast to cross section 50 mm X 100 mm ingots in laboratory. The macro-structure, grain size and distribution of carbides of M2 steel ingot casting by water-cooling copper mould a…
According to the experimental phenomena and thermodynamics mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation, combined with mathematic calculation, a dynamics model of intra-granular ferrite nucleation induced by inclusions has been established. Results show that in the nucleation model basal phase is a triangular pyramid with ap…
According to the surface defect occurred at lower part of ESR ingot of 521 steel (/% : 0. 37 ~ 0. 45C, 0. 80 ~ 1. 15Si, 4. 50 ~5. 30Cr, 1. 20 ~ 1. 40Mo, 0. 85 ~ 1. 10V) and GCr15 steel (/% : 0. 97C, 1. 57Cr) melted by ESR furnace with double electrode, the effect of binary slag amount, lower part remelting voltage and…
Organisms form many different types of minerals, with diverse shapes and sizes. These minerals fulfill a variety of functions. Inspired by the late H A Lowenstam, Steve Weiner and Lia Addadi have addressed many questions that relate to the mechanisms by which biological organisms produce these mineral phases and how t…
Three-dimensional (3D) porous NiCo2S4 nanonetworks were fabricated on nickel foam (NF) through an anion exchange reaction between NiCo2O4 nanosheets (hydrothermally grown on NF) and Na2S, and showed a very high specific capacitance of 1501.2 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 (even 2.5 times higher than that of NiCo2O4 nanosheets) and…
Biometallic materials are the most important materials for use in biomedical applications especially in manufacturing a variety of biological artificial replacements in a modern worlds, e.g. hip, knee or shoulder joints, due to their advanced characteristics. Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are used extensively in biomed…
Because of their magnetic properties, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have numerous diverse biomedical applications. In addition, because of their ability to penetrate bacteria and biofilms, nanoantimicrobial agents have become increasingly popular for the control of infectious diseases. Here, MNPs were prepared through…
Silver molybdate (Ag2MoO4) and silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) nanomaterials were prepared using two complementary methods, microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis (MAH) (pH 7, 140 °C) and coprecipitation (pH 4, 70 °C), and were then used to prepare two core/shell composites, namely α-Ag2WO4/β-Ag2MoO4 (MAH, pH 4, 140 °C)…
Cooperative luminescence (CL) occurs in spectral regions in which single ions do not have energy levels. It was first observed more than 40 years ago, and all results reported so far are from a pair of ions. In this work, upconverted CL of three Yb3+ ions was observed in the ultraviolet (UV) region under near-infrared…
The antibacterial effect is a desirable property in dental materials. Development of simple methods for the preparation of nanosized metal particles has attracted significant attention because of their future applications due to unusual size-dependent antibacterial properties. Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and bimetallic C…
Understanding the microscopic origins of electronic phases in high-transition temperature (high-T(c)) superconductors is important for elucidating the mechanism of superconductivity. In the paramagnetic tetragonal phase of BaFe(2-x)T(x)As2 (where T is Co or Ni) iron pnictides, an in-plane resistivity anisotropy has be…
In nanomedicine design, emphasis is centered on the engineered impacts of the nanomaterials (NMs). However, failure to understand the unintended effects of nanomaterials on the cell biology can affect the overall performance, approval, and adoption in the clinic. Much of these unintended effects arise from unique phys…
Abstract From 1916 to 2011, an estimated total of 165 050 000 metric tons of titanium dioxide (TiO2) pigment were produced worldwide. Current safety regulations on the usage of the TiO2 pigment as an inactive ingredient additive in human food are based on legislation from 1969 and are arguably outdated. This article c…
Supercapacitors are energy storage devices emerging as one of the promising energy storage devices in the future energy technology. In this perspective, rapid progress is made in the development of fundamental and applied aspects of supercapacitors. Various techniques have been developed specifically to estimate the s…
Magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) gel is formed by the reaction of brucite with amorphous silica during sulphate attack in concrete and M-S-H is therefore regarded as having limited cementing properties. The aim of this work was to form M-S-H pastes, characterise the hydration reactions and assess the resulting prope…
A summary is given of the development of an improved method to handle powder diffraction data. The resulting method, now called the Rietveld method, uses powder diffraction step-scanned intensities instead of integrated powder intensities. This enables the full use of the information content of a powder diagram. The m…
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared using four different plant extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. The extracts were obtained from the following plants: Salvia officinalis, Lippia citriodora, Pelargonium graveolens and Punica granatum. The size distributions of the GNPs were measured using three different…
Attempts to apply nanotechnology in agriculture began with the growing realization that conventional farming technologies would neither be able to increase productivity any further nor restore ecosystems damaged by existing technologies back to their pristine state; in particular because the long-term effects of farmi…
Plasmonic properties of metal nanostructures are appealing due to their potential to enhance photovoltaics or sensing performance. Our aim is to identify the plasmonic characteristics of silver nanoneedles on a reflective layer in the polarized optical response. Experimental ellipsometry results are complemented by fi…