Materials Literature
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Accelerated electrical breakdown in ERIP (epoxy resin impregnated paper) condenser bushings has been investigated. Inter-foil breakdown of the grading foils, via electrical treeing, occurred over several 10s of hours when the applied electrical stress was /spl sim/6 times the normal working stress. The progress of int…
During the operation of three-phase asynchronous motors by pulse frequency inverters, overvoltages occur, which places considerably more stress on the insulation system than under sinusoidal conditions. Once the inception voltage is exceeded, partial discharges come into being and damage the winding insulation of the…
Polyurethane adhesives and coatings are widely used in Microelectronics and Photonics. The novel matrix of advanced nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) coatings and adhesives are formed from two oligomers, one of them contains terminated cyclocarbonate groups (CC-oligomer), second terminated primary amines groups. As a…
We have studied the self-healing breakdown of metallized PP films for different values of the PP film thickness and of the surface resistance of metal layer R/sub s/. For each event, the breakdown voltage, the electrical current pulse, the emitted light and the cleared area have been measured. From the total charge fl…
We compute the exact lowest energy states and addition spectra for N interacting carriers in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) embedded in low-dielectric-constant matrices. In particular we focus on the transition between the low dielectric mismatch regime, where single-particle states are confined inside the QD, and t…
A new method for the determination of the leakage reactances, iron losses and iron loss resistance in three-phase power transformer is presented in this paper. These parameters are calculated within the design process of the machine utilising the finite element method. The behaviour study of the transformer is accompl…
The electric field and potential distributions along wet nonceramic insulators are calculated using COULOMB, a three-dimensional electric field analysis program. The electric field intensification on the surface of the water droplets on a flat hydrophobic silicone rubber (SIR) sheet is analyzed. The conductivity of th…
The manufacturing, converting and ennobling processes of paper are truly large area and reel-to-reel processes. Here, we describe a project focusing on using the converting and ennobling processes of paper in order to introduce electronic functions onto the paper surface. As key active electronic materials we are usin…
This paper is associated with the manufacture of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) and the characteristic of TEG. TEG consists of a water heater, pump, 32 thermoelectric modules and aluminum, and hot and cold water flowed through the aluminum containers. It was found that the electric power increased with increasing te…
Ta/Cu is a strategic material combination for ultra-large-scale integrated wafer technology. Here we report an unconventional method for the synthesis of a [110]-oriented nanocrystalline α-Ta thin film on freshly prepared Cu(111) templates at <50 °C without any redundant underlayers and post-growth treatments. The cry…
Thermal treatments of electroplated copper films before CMP can increase grain size and therefore reduce resistance and improve electromigration reliability. However, high temperature excursions can also increase the stress levels in thick metal layers due to differential thermal expansion, which in turn can increase…
A generalized approach is described for evaluating arbitrary functions of position in reciprocal space. This is a generalization which subsumes a whole range of calculations that form a part of almost every crystallographic software application. Examples include scaling of structure factors, the calculation of structu…
Stress grading of the flashover distance of hollow insulators and composite tension insulators is necessary to improve the electrical and environmental performance and to reduce material needed. Hollow composite insulators are generally designed in such a way that the outer stress is below the breakdown stress of air.…
For high-speed digital circuits a novel elevated-CPW (ECPW) structure with low loss and low dispersion is proposed and the performances are compared with the theoretical prediction. The ECPW is designed with the aid of time domain fullwave FDTD technique and is fabricated using conventional thick-film MEMS processing.…
This paper presents an investigation on the failure of low voltage power capacitors used in the textile industry located in Thailand. The causes of the failure as well as the failure mechanisms of the dielectric used as the insulation of such capacitors are analyzed. It is found that the harmonic resonance can increas…
Space charge can be measured non-destructively as a standard practice now. It has been long suspected that space charge might be critically involved in local dielectric breakdown or tree initiation. It is widely accepted that space charge is formed under dc stress in dielectrics. The author demonstrated a hypothetical…
Surface discharges in a composite dielectric of XLPE power cable joints are one of the main causes of joint failures. This paper discusses the mechanism of surface discharges in a composite dielectric, the effect of interfaces and the practical methods of preventing moisture ingress into joints and cables.
A unit-cell parameter anomaly observed during the precipitation and growth of Ti 3 SiC 2 from a Si-substituted TiC phase is interpreted as the release of latent heat. The observations are used to propose a powder diffraction method for conducting differential thermal analysis as part of in situ phase transition studie…
Of a group of eight 3-phase core form HVDC converter transformers, six have now failed in service. The final failure mechanism has consisted of a turn-to-turn fault, usually in the valve winding. All the windings were produced using continuously transposed conductors. Thermal aging of the insulating materials was evid…
The electric field and potential distributions in the vicinity of non-ceramic insulators under dry and clean conditions are presented. A three-dimensional electric field analysis program, COULOMB, has been used for the calculations. A three-phase 765 kV power line tower geometry is considered for the potential distrib…