Materials Literature
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We report the study of the effect of a static electric field on the huge optical nonlinearity of methyl-red doped nematic liquid crystals. Experimental data are well fitted using a theoretical model that takes into account the modulation of the surface charge density due to the impinging light beam. It is demonstrated…
First-principles density-functional calculations of the electronic structure, energy band gaps $({E}_{g})$, and strain-induced band gap changes in moderate-gap single-walled $(n,0)$ carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are presented. It is confirmed that $(n,0)$ SWNTs fall into two classes depending upon $n\text{ }\text{mod}\text…
We use Brownian dynamics to investigate the self-assembly of single end tethered, laterally tethered, and double end tethered V-shaped nanoparticles. The simulation results are compared with model bent-core molecules without tethers and polymer tethered nanorods to elucidate the combined effects of V-shaped geometry a…
A detailed investigation of the stylus canal situated within the iron mineralized major lateral teeth of the chiton Acanthopleura hirtosa was undertaken in conjunction with a row-by-row examination of cusp mineralization. The canal is shown to contain columnar epithelial tissue similar to that surrounding the minerali…
ABSTRACT Starch plasticized with water, glycerol, and stearic acid was extruded and sheeted into films 0.4–0.6 mm thick. The ingredients were extruded in a conical twin‐screw extruder at a temperature profile of 50–120–120–120°C and a screw speed of 45 rpm. The effects of glycerol, water, and stearic acid on selected…
The structural, optical, and electrochromic properties of polycrystalline tungsten oxide films have been investigated using various characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the polycrystalline monoclinic structure of the films with preferable (002) orientation and an average crystallite size o…
Die Großen nach unten: Nanopartikel werden durch Zentrifugieren in einem Medium mit Dichtegradienten nach der Größe der Partikel, dem Clusterungsgrad und der Dichte (ρ) des Kernmaterials sortiert (siehe Bild; d=Sedimentierungsabstand). Wechselwirkungen zwischen kolloidalen Partikeln und stabilen Festphasen werden so v…
Understanding the structure-activity relationships of catalytic solids has always been hampered by the complexity and nonuniform structures of catalyst particles. Materials based on well-defined colloidal metal particles are ideal model solids to investigate such structure-activity relationships. A new paper by Tsang…
Synchrotron X-ray, neutron powder diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility measurements have been used to characterize the Ln 2 LiRuO 6 (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb) double perovskites. All compositions have the monoclinic P2 1 /n superstructure with a fully ordered arrangement of Li + and Ru 5+ cations. As the Ln…
Using Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical and isobaric ensembles we investigate freezing phenomena in a charged colloidal suspension confined to narrow slit pores. Our model involves only the macroions which interact via a Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) potential supplemented by a soft-sphere poten…
Rectangular-tube-based fan-like polyaniline has been readily fabricated by the oxidation polymerization of low-concentration aniline in dilute HCl aqueous solution for the first time. Different from the conventional polymerization that proceeds in concentrated acidic solution (to produce nanofibers), this synthesis wa…
Taylor, M. L., Franich, R. D., Trapp, J. V. and Johnston, P. N. Electron Interaction with Gel Dosimeters: Effective Atomic Numbers for Collisional, Radiative and Total Interaction Processes. Radiat. Res. 171, 123–126 (2009).The effective atomic number is widely employed in radiation studies, particularly for the chara…
Abstract Complex 1, synthesized from anionic shortened single‐walled carbon nanotubes and cationic ammonium lipid dissolved in organic solvents, is cast on pretreated transparent flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films under a higher relative humidity to form thin films with self‐organized honeycomb structur…
We have developed an embedded cluster method for the calculation of the electronic structure and properties of point defects in cubic ${\text{ZrO}}_{2}$ nanocrystallites. The accuracy of the method is tested through a detailed comparison of the atomic and electronic structures of the perfect lattice and defect propert…
Fine art: Ultrafine ZnO nanowires selectively grown parallel to the substrate only on Au patterns allow the integration of large numbers of nanowire field-effect transistor arrays (see picture).
Abstract Novel biodegradable poly(propylene sebacate) (PPSeb) and poly(propylene azelate) (PPAz) polyesters were synthesized and fully characterized using WAXD, standard DSC, high‐rate DSC, and modulated‐temperature DSC. Multiple‐melting behaviour, observed for samples isothermally crystallized from the melt, was attr…
Abstract Double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) were synthesized in a packed bed reactor (PBR) and a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) by cracking CH 4 on a Fe/MgO catalyst. It is observed that the dominant carbon product changes drastically from DWCNTs to multi‐walled CNTs along the axial direction of PBR. The studies ind…
Make a stand: The formation of stable and ordered free-standing particle bridges and hollow capsule structures with controllable sizes and geometries is demonstrated by combining the directed assembly of submicrometer particles, transfer printing, and supramolecular layer-by-layer assembly.
The layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte self-assembly encapsulation method has attracted much interest because of its versatility to use various polymers for capsule formation, ability to encapsulate different templates, and capability to control capsule permeability. Traditionally, the LbL method was performed in wa…
Abstract It all depends on the ingredients : The physicochemical properties of (Ga 1− x Zn x )(N 1− x O x ), including its particle size, are dependent on the particle size of the ZnO precursor. The relationship between the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic performance of (Ga 1− x Zn x )(N 1− x O x ) for o…