Materials Literature
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Flat boron has recently emerged as a fascinating concept in cluster science. Here we present computational evidence for the quasi-planar all-boron aromatic B36 (C6v, (1)A1) and B36(-) (C2v, (2)A1) clusters, established as the global-minimum structures on the basis of Stochastic Surface Walking (SSW) searches. The ener…
Graphene-on-silicon (Gr–Si) heterojunction solar cells have recently attracted significant attention as promising candidates for low-cost photovoltaic applications. However, the power conversion efficiency of Gr–Si solar cells is generally smaller than 4% without chemical doping treatments. It is mainly limited by the…
We experimentally demonstrate that the spin-orbit interaction can be utilized for direct electric-field tuning of the propagation of spin waves in a single-crystal yttrium iron garnet magnonic waveguide. Magnetoelectric coupling not due to the spin-orbit interaction and, hence, an order of magnitude weaker leads to el…
For the first time magnetoresistance of the ferromagnetic high-pressure phases (GaSb)2M (M=Cr,Mn) has been measured in a wide range of temperature and magnetic field. It was found that the magnetic field dependencies of resistivity of both systems contain several contributions, including relatively smaller s-d exchang…
An efficient procedure for the fabrication of highly conductive carbon nanotube/graphene hybrid yarns has been developed. To start, arrays of vertically aligned multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) are converted into indefinitely long MWNT sheets by drawing. Graphene flakes are then deposited onto the MWNT sheets by e…
We develop a practical first-principles methodology to determine nonradiative carrier capture coefficients at defects in semiconductors. We consider transitions that occur via multiphonon emission. Parameters in the theory, including electron-phonon coupling matrix elements, are computed consistently using state-of-th…
Frictional interfaces are abundant in natural and manmade systems and their dynamics still pose challenges of fundamental and technological importance. A recent extensive compilation of multiple-source experimental data has revealed that velocity-strengthening friction, where the steady-state frictional resistance inc…
Models for the microstructure evolution during hot rolling are reviewed. The basic macroscopic phenomena related to recrystallization are summarized. Constitutive models based on semi empirical equations are compared to more sophisticated models based on cellular automata, vertex and Monte-Carlo-Potts methods. The app…
Small angle neutron and x-ray scattering methods are used to investigate the structure of dilute suspensions of two different ferrofluid systems dispersed in soft polyacrylamide hydrogels. It is found that the particles in the fluid are fractal aggregates composed of smaller particles of radius ca. 5 nm. The fractal d…
Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) from BiFeO3 nanocrystals is investigated for the first time to determine their potential as biomarkers for multiphoton imaging. Nanocrystals are produced by an auto-combustion method with TRIS as a fuel. Stable colloidal suspensions with mean particle diameters in the range 100-120 nm…
Understanding the nature of the interaction at the graphene/metal interfaces is the basis for graphene-based electron- and spin-transport devices. Here we investigate the hybridization between graphene- and metal-derived electronic states by studying the changes induced through intercalation of a pseudomorphic monolay…
We demonstrated a single microwire photodetector first made using a VO2 microwire that exhibted high responsivity (Rλ) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) under varying light intensities. The VO2 nanowires/microwires were grown and attached on the surface of the SiO2/Si(100) substrate. The SiO2 layer can produce ext…
Abstract This study addressed the effects of chitosan-based nanoparticles on microbiological quality, colour, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) and firmness of fresh-cut ‘Gala’ apple slices during storage at 5 °C for 10 days. The treatments carried out were as follows: (i) slices pulverised with 110-nm chi…
Coarse-grained models are becoming a competitive alternative for modeling processes that occur over time and length scales beyond the reach of fully atomistic molecular simulations. Ideally, coarse-grained models should not only achieve high computational efficiency but also provide accurate predictions and fundamenta…
Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are prepared by oxidation of graphite followed by sonication exfoliation. FTIR and AFM results indicate that the GO nanosheets have a thickness of about 6 nm, and that the GO surface is covered with oxygenated groups (–OH, –O–, –COOH and –SO3H). Hardened cement pastes containing differen…
We present wideband resonant reflectors designed with gratings in which the grating ridges are matched to an identical material, thereby eliminating local reflections and phase changes. This critical interface thus possesses zero refractive-index contrast; hence "zero-contrast gratings." We design reflectors with zero…
Interfacing inorganic nanoparticles and biological systems with the aim of developing novel imaging and sensing platforms has generated great interest and much activity. However, the effectiveness of this approach hinges on the ability of the surface ligands to promote water-dispersion of the nanoparticles with long t…
Plasmonic nanoparticles made of gold and silver have attracted a great deal of research attention in various fields, such as biosensors, imaging, therapy, nanophotonics, catalysis and light harvesting due to their unique optical and electronic properties. Plasmonic nanoparticle colloids may exhibit strong colours in t…
Multiphase blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EMA-GMA) terpolymer, and a series of renewable poly(ether-b-amide) elastomeric copolymer (PEBA) were fabricated through reactive melt blending in an effort to improve the toughness of the PLA. Supertoughened PLA blend showing…
X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurements of molybdenum disulfide MoS(2) are performed at pressures up to 81 GPa in diamond anvil cells. Above 20 GPa, we find discontinuous changes in Raman spectra and x-ray diffraction patterns which provide evidence for isostructural phase trans…