Materials Literature
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Intercalated nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP)/clay (PPCNs) were prepared by a melt extrusion process using maleic anhydride modified PP (PP-MA) and organophilic clay. The extent of intercalation of PP-MA chains in the space between silicate galleries increased with crystallization temperature T c and decreased as…
Nearly monodisperse iron nanoclusters have been used to define the diameters of carbon nanotubes grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Iron nanoparticles with average diameters of 3, 9, and 13 nm were used to grow carbon nanotubes with average diameters of 3, 7, and 12 nm, respectively. Transmission electron micro…
As part of understanding the processes leading to sodium release and ion exchange, the surface and near surface reaction regions on several specimens of a Na2O–Al2O3–SiO2 glass have been examined after exposures to isotopically labeled aqueous solutions. The majority of the analyses described here have been carried ou…
We have developed a simulation technique, based on a dynamic mean field theory to describe the evolution of a melt of liquid crystalline polymers that is quenched below its isotropic–nematic transition temperature. The polymers are described by chains characterized by a bending energy depending on the angles between c…
Accuracy of Overlay Metrology with Nonp-enetrating and Negative-Charging Electron Beam of the Scanning Electron Microscope, Koike, Toru, Ikeda, Takahiro, Miyoshi, Motosuke, Okumura, Katsuya, Ura, Katsumi
A novel method of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was applied to poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and polycarbonate (PC). The basis of the technique is that ablation is brought about by excitation not of polymers themselves but of anthracene doped in the polymer targets. Laser excitatio…
The stacking faults and their effects on ferroelectric properties in strontium–bismuth–tantalate SrBi2Ta2O9 have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ferroelectric hysteresis loop measurement. The structure of SrBi2Ta2O9 consists of Bi2O2 layers and double perovskite type TaO6 octahedral units. T…
The magnetic properties of RFe12−xNbx and R(Fe1−yCoy)11.3Nb0.7 compounds with R=Y, Tb, and Dy have been investigated in the concentration region defined by 0.6<x<0.8 and y⩽0.3, where the compounds are single phase with the ThMn12-type of structure. The Curie temperature TC of the RFe12−xNbx compounds is…
In order to investigate the effect of A-site substitution on phase transitions in barium titanates, dielectric permittivity in Ba 1- x (La 0.5 Na 0.5 ) x TiO 3 was measured in the temperature range up to 400 K with frequency of 100 Hz to 100 kHz by changing x from 1/8 to 4/8. The transition from classical non-relaxor…
The detailed mechanisms of the structural phase transformations that occur in epitaxial Y–hydride switchable mirrors are revealed with high resolution transmission electron microscopy (both cross sectional and plan view). The triangular ridge network that develops in Y prior to the α–β transformation is a result of {1…
The relationship between the mobility of ions and viscosity is discussed for the nematic phase of 4- n -octyl-4 ' -cyanobiphenyl (8CB). The Miesowicz viscosity coefficient η 2 exhibits a divergence at the nematic-smectic phase transition; nevertheless, normal behavior of the temperature dependence is observed for the…
Abstract Filled covulcanizates of elastomer blend comprising natural rubber (NR) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM) of commercial importance were successfully prepared by using a multifunctional rubber additive; namely, bis(diisopropyl)thiophosphoryl disulfide (DIPDIS). A Two‐stage vulcanization technique furt…
A new method of preparing transparent PbZrO 3 -PbTiO 3 -Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 (PZ-PT-PZN) ceramics was proposed. This is a multiprocess in which the mixtures of calcined powders were spark plasma sintered for 10 min and then thermally treated for 1 h. Although the sintering time was very short, the densities of the sa…
We report an extended x-ray absorption fine-structure investigation on the Mn K absorption edge in La 1- x Ca x MnO 3 as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The results provide microscopic evidence that the modifications in the local structure around Mn atomic sites, as a function of temperature and applied…
The discovery of the colossal magnetoresistance and pressure effects introduced new questions concerning the complex interplay among lattice structure, magnetism, and transport in doped perovskite manganites. To observe the interplay between the effect of pressure and strain due to the substrate in the La2/3Ca1/3MnO3…
It is demonstrated that a straightforward extension of the Arrhenius law accurately describes diffusion in the thermodynamically stable liquid of hard spheres. A sharp negative deviation from this behavior is observed as the liquid is compressed beyond its stability limit. This dynamical anomaly can be compared with t…
A comparative investigation has been made of the microstructure and magnetization reversal behavior of nanocomposite SmCo5/Sm2Co17 powders prepared by intensive milling and subsequent annealing. It was found that the saturation magnetization increases monotonically with the increase of the volume fraction of Sm2Co17 a…
Supramolecular tetrameric aggregates of four molecules of 7-deaza-2′-deoxyxanthosine are stabilized by unconventional C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds. In the solid state the tetramers stack to form a nanotube (see picture), in the center of which water molecules are found which are also stacked.
The electrochemical and chemical oxidation of extended TTF 4 and 5 are analysed by cyclic voltammetry, Visible/NIR and ESR spectroscopies, and the X-ray structures of the new salts 5 x BF(4)(CH(2)Cl(2)) and 4 x ClO(4)(THF)(1/2) are presented. The effects of structural factors on the pi-dimerization or the disproportio…
A new method for preparing aromatic polyamide-polyimide random copolymer films has been developed. Oxydianiline, pyromellitic dianhydride, and terephthaloyl chloride were evaporated separately from thermostatically controlled pulse molecular evaporation sources, which were actuated by solenoid valves, producing a poly…