Materials Literature
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A microscopic model for low energy electron interaction in alkali halides was used to simulate secondary electron emission from CsI induced by x rays with energies up to 100 keV. The integral ‘‘current’’ and ‘‘pulse’’ yields were calculated as function of the x-ray energy, CsI convertor thickness, and angle of inciden…
Thermal and dielectric properties of LaBGeO 5 , a new ferroelectric with a stillwellite-type structure are investigated. The specific heat, C p , shows one clear anomaly (Δ S =0.114 R) at 802.5 K. The basic thermodynamic parameters are determined on the basis of the Landau theory. However, an additional hump in C p wa…
Monte Carlo simulation is used to calculate the composition profiles of surface segregation of Cu-Ni alloys. The method of Bozzolo, Ferrante, and Smith [Phys. Rev. B 45, 493 (1992)] is used to compute the energetics of these systems as a function of temperature, crystal face, and bulk concentration. The predictions ar…
A spin-resolved x-ray-photoelectron-spectroscopy study of the deep core levels of ferromagnetic Fe are reported. The 2${\mathit{p}}_{3/2}$, 2${\mathit{p}}_{1/2}$, and 2s core levels, as well as the more shallow 3p level, all display interesting spin-dependent structures. These findings indicate the importance of intra…
In this study a systematic microstructural characterization of La-modified lead zirconate titanate was carried out by hot- and cold-stage transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The existence of 1/2[111] superlattice reflections (F spots) became evident near 300 °C on cooling. The inte…
Using dielectric spectroscopy, we have studied different types of relaxation processes, namely, primary (α), secondary (β), and other sub-Tg processes, in the supercooled liquids of tritolylphosphate (TTP), 3-bromopentane (3BP), isopropylbenzene (IPB), glucose (GL), and also in the supercooled plastic crystals of cycl…
One-dimensional-imaging laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (1D-LIF) has been applied to investigate the dynamics of the nonemissive neutral particles (YO molecules) during the ArF excimer laser ablation of YBa2Cu3O7−δ in an ambient oxygen gas. Investigating the 1D-LIF observation, the propagation of particles thr…
Results of scanning-tunneling-microscopy (STM) and molecular-dynamics (MD) annealing studies based on quantum-mechanically derived interatomic forces using a semiempirical density-functional approach are combined for analyzing diamond surface structures. Experimentally obtained STM images of diamond (100) and (111) fa…
The crystal structure of a binuclear copper(II) complex, μ-formato-1kO:2kO'-μ-2,2'-[1,3-(2-hydroxypropanediyl-1:2k 2 O)bis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato(3-)-1k 3 N,O:2k 2 N',O'-dicopper(II), [Cu 2 (L-sal)(HCOO)], H 3 (L-sal)=N,N'-bis(salicylidene)1,3-diamino-2-propanol, was determined by X-ray diffraction. The title…
A method is devised to find a lower bound on the loss function of graphite in the oxygen high energy range where that function is expected to assume constant value. It requires obtaining a small ensemble of classical trajectories of oxygen on graphite and making static measurements of an oxygen on ethylene potential e…
The local-density approximation is used to investigate the electronic and structural properties of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and the reasons for its unusual defect rocksalt structure with 25% ordered vacancies. A tight-binding Hamiltonian is fitted to the energy bands which are compared to those of the hyp…
Argon incorporation in Si(100) by low energy ion bombardment has been studied by polar angle dependent x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. The bombardment was performed at 15, 20, and 100 eV in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber where a mass-separated argon ion beam with an energy spr…
We report the results of a first-principles study of the structural properties, stability, and band structure of Ge in two complex tetrahedral phases: the ST12 phase (simple tetragonal with 12 atoms per unit cell) and the BC8 phase (body-centered cubic with 8 atoms per cell). We focus mainly on the ST12 phase, which i…
BACKGROUND: This study compared the therapeutic effects of doxorubicin hydrochloride in saline and in sterically stabilized, long-circulating liposomes composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/polyethylene glycol-distearoyl-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (Doxil). METHODS: The drug formulations were inje…
Abstract Polymer morphology is controlled over a continuum from microspheres to interconnected bicontinuous networks to fibers with a versatile new process: precipitation with a compressed fluid antisolvent. The results are explained qualitatively as a function of phase behavior, mass‐transfer pathways, and the format…
The quasiparticle electronic band structure of ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ carbon nitride in the \ensuremath{\beta}-${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}$${\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ structure is calculated using the GW approximation. The indirect band gap is predicted to be 6.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5 eV and the minimum direct ga…
Diamond (111) and (100) surfaces have been investigated by low-energy electron diffraction and high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (HREELS). Samples were boron-doped semiconducting diamond surfaces grown homoepitaxially on natural diamond by microwave-plasma-assisted chemical-vapor deposition. A dipole-a…
β Dicalcium diphosphate is composed of eclipsed P 2 O 7 groups linked through Ca 2+ cations. The P-Ob bonds involving the bridging O atoms arelonger [average 1.620 (5) A] than the others [average 1.517 (5) A]. As the «O 4 » tetrahedra are almost regular the displacement of the P atoms involves two sets of O-P-O angles…
Raman spectroscopy is found to be a powerful tool to determine the structural phase boundary between cubic (Fm3m) and tetragonal (P42/nmc) phase in arc-melted Zr1−XYXO2−X/2 (0.08≤X≤0.24) solid solution. The Raman peak intensity characteristic of the tetragonal phase at about 470 cm−1 decreases with the YO1.5 content X…
Abstract Electrical and magnetic properties of composite materials prepared by incorporating various nickel‐based fillers of different shapes into polyethylene were investigated. The fillers used were nickel powders, nickel filamentary powders, nickel flakes, and nickel‐coated graphite fibers. The particle‐size distri…