Materials Literature
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We have investigated electronic structures of antiferromagnetic ${\mathrm{YBaCo}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ using the local spin-density $\mathrm{approximation}+U$ method. The charge and orbital ordered insulating ground state is correctly obtained with the strong on-site Coulomb interaction. ${\mathrm{Co}}^{2+}$ and ${\ma…
Powder compositions of LaGaO 3 , La 0.9 Sr 0.1 GaO 2.95 , and La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Ga 0.83 Mg 0.17 O 2.815 were prepared via a Pechini‐type process that uses citric acid and ethylene glycol. The calcination behavior of the precursor powders of the above‐mentioned phases was studied in the temperature range of 200°–1400°C in…
We have investigated the surface chemical composition of crystalline films of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.65}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.35}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ by angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface composition was found to be significantly different from that of the bulk because of an appreciable Sr segregation.…
Multilayered polymer nanocapsules have been fabricated via the sequential adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes onto gold nanoparticles followed by dissolution of the gold core in cyanide solution. The Figure shows a gold nanoparticle coated with eight polyelectrolyte layers.
Optical measurements on ZnS nanoclusters have been carried out to investigate surface effects along with quantum size effects. ZnS nanocrystals have been synthesized in the range of 1.5–2.5 nm, using different chemical methods as well as electronic passivating procedures. The size of nanoparticles has been estimated f…
We extract atom-atom potentials from the effective spherical potentials that suc cessfully model Hugoniot experiments on molecular fluids, e.g., $O_2$ and $N_2$. In the case of $O_2$ the resulting potentials compare very well with the atom-atom potentials used in studies of solid-state propertie s, while for $N_2$ the…
We have proposed a qualitative model for the structure of binary systems similar to Pd-Er alloys, which explains their nonmonotonic relaxation after the hydrogen saturation. It is based on the assumption that such a solid solution involves two kind heterogeneities. The former are caused by spinodal decomposition of th…
Super-hydrophilic titanium oxide films show excellent potential as anti-fogging and self-cleaning surfaces; however, until now these properties have been limited to outdoor applications, since the high wettability condition requires sunlight-intensity UV radiation. Here is reported a novel TiO2/WO3 film (see Figure) t…
Thermal conductivities Λ of amorphous carbon thin films are measured in the temperatures range 80–400 K using the 3ω method. Sample films range from soft a-C:H prepared by remote-plasma deposition (Λ=0.20 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature) to amorphous diamond with a large fraction of sp3 bonded carbon deposited from a fi…
Three common finishing treatments of stainless steel that are used for equipment during poultry processing were tested for resistance to bacterial contamination. Methods were developed to measure attached bacteria and to identify factors that make surface finishes susceptible or resistant to bacterial attachment and b…
Silicon carbide (SiC) nanowires were synthesized at 900°C by the laser ablation technique. The growth morphology, microstructure, and defects in SiC nanowires were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The Raman scattering study indicated that…
Abstract Gelatinized starches were prepared with various content of glycerol and were investigated in terms of the effect of the glycerol addition on characteristics of starch and its blends. Poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLA) with various ratios of linear/star shaped PLA and starch gelatinized with various ratios of water/gl…
Core–shell microgels are crosslinked nanosized spherical particles with a chemical composition that is different on the surface compared to the core region. By employing a core with special optical properties, e.g., a core labeled either with organic dye molecules or noble metal clusters (see Figure), these particles…
Energy transfer (ET) from ferrocene or ruthenium tris(bipyridine) functionalized light-harvesting units allows the first observation of sensitized near-infrared (NIR) lanthanide (Ln) luminescence (Lum.; see scheme, Exc.=excitation). Since the donating triplet state of the ruthenium tris(bipyridine) antenna is luminesc…
The Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) technique provides on-line and in-situ information about the chord length distribution of a population of particles in dispersion. This is rather promising for applications such as crystal size distribution control in crystallization processes. The objective of this stud…
The potential energy surface of Lennard-Jones clusters is investigated using the activation-relaxation technique (ART). This method defines events in the configurational energy landscape as a two-step process: (a) a configuration is first activated from a local minimum to a nearby saddle-point and (b) is then relaxed…
We show that the Gaussian core model of particles interacting via a penetrable repulsive Gaussian potential, first considered by Stillinger [J. Chem. Phys. 65, 3968 (1976)], behaves as a weakly correlated "mean-field fluid" over a surprisingly wide density and temperature range. In the bulk, the structure of the fluid…
A gold rush can occur not only among diggers at the banks of a remote river, but also among chemists in catalytic research laboratories. Gold salts displaying high catalytic activity facilitate domino coupling reactions in C−heteroatom and C−C coupling. Thus, for example, furyl-substituted products 2 are preparatively…
Silsesquioxanes are a family of siloxane network polymers that have become important as vehicles for introducing organic functionalities into sol−gel materials. However, there has not been a systematic study of the capacity of organotrialkoxysilanes to form gels through the sol−gel process. In this study, we examined…
Auxetic behavior in zeolitic cage structures is predicted here using molecular modeling calculations and explained by the “rotating squares” mechanism shown in the Figure. These materials, which become wider when stretched and narrower when compressed, are illustrated to have great potential in separation technologies.