Materials Literature
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The experimental detection of a spin reorientation phase transition by means of Fe $K$-edge x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is reported for ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{2}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{14}\mathrm{B}$. The temperature dependence of the XMCD signals at both Fe ($K$ edge) and Nd (${L}_{2,3}$ edges) is compared to that of th…
By the protection of the carboxyl group of 3-thiopheneacetic acid with differently substituted benzyl groups a series of new thiophene derivatives were synthesized. While 3-thiopheneacetic acid is not electropolymerizable, the new obtained monomers can be easily electrooxidized to form stable electroactive polymers. T…
Core yams are known to improve cotton yam properties. In this research, core yarns are spun by introducing filaments under tension into the yarn-forming zone of an ex perimental friction spinning apparatus. A 30-denier (3.3 tex) nylon monofilament and a black 75-denier (35f) nylon multifilament make up the core, and c…
The crystal structure of monoclinic magnesium astrophyllite has been redetermined. The samples were from Khibina alkaline massifs, Russia. K 2 NaNa(Fe,Mn) 4 Mg 2 Ti 2 [Si 4 O 12 ] 2 (OH) 4 (OH,F) 2 , M r = 1202.31, monoclinic, A 2, a = 10.370 (3), b = 23.129 (5), c = 5.322 (1) Å, β = 99.55 (2)°, V = 1258.8 (5) Å 3 , Z…
Phase transitions of liquid crystal PAA, p -azoxyanisole, in porous sol−gels of average pore diameters 8.9, 16, and 20 nm, are investigated using Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that the phase transition temperatures inside small pores are depressed and the depressions are pore si…
Point defects and structure damages in Si-implanted thermal SiO2 films were examined by photoluminescence (PL) spectra, electron spin resonance spectra, and infrared absorption spectra. Under ∼5 eV excitation, the as-implanted film had two PL bands peaked at 4.3 and 2.4 eV, respectively. After thermal annealing, the p…
Abstract In this two‐part paper, we present a model for the solidification of semicrystalline thermoplastic polymers that links the microscopic and macroscopic length scales. The model accounts for the important physical phenomena occurring during spherulitic cyrstallization and predicts microstructural evolution. In…
The phase equilibria in the Y 2 O 3 ‐Nb 2 O 5 system have been studied at temperatures of 1500° and 1700°C in the compositional region of 0‐50 mol% Nb 2 O 5 . The solubility limits of the C‐type Y 2 O 3 cubic phase and the YNbO 4 monoclinic phase are 2.5 (±1.0) mol% Nb 2 O 5 and 0.2 (±0.4) mol% Y 2 O 3 , respectively,…
A total number of 15 premoulded joints of three 170 kV cable circuits (XLPE and EPR) were equipped with partial discharge (PD) sensors. The developed sensors are based on inductive high frequency coupling of partial discharge pulses occurring in the joints. The PD activity of each joint was monitored during an after l…
Ultradisperse-diamond clusters are shown to be fractal objects, and the character of variation of the fractal dimension in the course of the diamond-graphite phase transition under annealing in an inert atmosphere is studied.
Thermal reactions of magnesium compounds and kaolinite were investigated to obtain dense cordierite ceramics without additives. Magnesium hydroxide was precipitated from aqueous solution in the form of ultrafine hexagonal tabular particles of about 0.1 µm, and heating this mixture with kaolinite in a mole ratio of MgO…
The working zone of a sea urchin tooth is a ceramic‐fiber‐reinforced ceramic‐matrix composite. It is composed of reinforcing calcitic fibers, a matrix of high‐magnesium‐containing calcite crystals, and organic material. It is much harder and tougher than most other calcitic materials. Fracture toughness and microhardn…
Abstract Bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters of 3‐hydroxyacids produced as intracellular granules by a large variety of bacteria, currently receiving much attention because of their potential as renewable and biodegradable plastics. The monomer units in these microbial polyesters are all in the R ‐co…
The past decade has been characterized by rapid progress in Monte Carlo simulations of protein folding in a solution. This review summarizes the main results obtained in the field, as a background to the major topic, namely corresponding advances in simulations of protein adsorption kinetics at solid–liquid interfaces…
AgI clusters in zeolite-Y (AgI/Y) were prepared by Ag+ exchange followed by reaction with NaI in solution. The formation of the clusters was determined by transmission electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy. The clusters were uniform and even in size, 1.0–2.0 nm. The fluorescence spectrum of the clusters…
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The thermal conductivity κ and thermal diffusivity α of high-strength polyethylene fibers, Dyneema TM , with various draw ratios were measured from 10 K to 260 K. κ and α increased with increasing draw ratio and α was nearly proportional to the square root of the tensile modulus E of the fiber. The estimated phonon me…
In order to investigate the thermodynamic behavior of t' , t* , and κ phases with the composition, , the equilibrium oxygen partial pressure, p O 2 , over their mixtures with pyrochlore was measured utilizing an electrochemical cell: . The conclusions described below were derived: the thermodynamic stability of the κ…
The wetting behaviour of carbohydrate surfactants bearing siloxane, carbosilane, polysilane or silane moieties has been investigated. By static surface tension (γlv, σ) and wetting tension (γsv−γsl, α) measurements on a non-polar perfluorinated surface (FEP®), the contact angles of aqueous surfactant solutions above t…
The crystal growth of trans -azobenzene (diamagnetism) has been investigated in a magnetic field of 80 kOe. The crystallographic axes are determined by X-ray diffraction and compared with the magnetic axes. The crystals grow so that the magnetic χ 3 axis is parallel to the direction of the field. The orientation is ex…