Materials Literature
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Two phase transitions in ferroelectric crystals of pyridinium tetrafluoroborate ${[\mathrm{C}}_{5}{\mathrm{H}}_{6}{\mathrm{N}]}^{+}{\mathrm{BF}}_{4}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ have been characterized by x-ray- and neutron-diffraction studies and measurements of permittivity, pyroeffect, and spontaneous polarization. A…
The dependence of domain evolution and polarization switching on thermal and electrical histories has been investigated for K 1+ ‐ion‐modified lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics by using hot‐stage transmission electron microscopy and Sawyer—Tower polarization methods. In each case, the domains were very narrow, on…
YbAl specimens were prepared using a hot-pressing technique and the 3 Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity measured over the temperature range 150-700 K in order to assess their potential as thermoelectric materials. The preliminary results show that YbAl possesses an electrical power factor 3 double those o…
A combination of thermodynamic analyses and potentiodynamic polarization tests have been used to study the anodic behavior of Cu in strong solutions in the concentration range 1–10 M. The studies were supplemented by chemical analyses of surface films. It was found that concentration‐dependent changes in the activity…
Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical investigations of lithium bis[5‐fluoro‐2‐olato‐1‐benzenesulfonato(2‐)‐O,O′] borate(1‐), a new salt for lithium‐ion cells in ethylene carbonate (EC)‐dimethylcarbonate (DMC) mixtures are presented. At platinum electrodes the anodic oxidation limit is about 4.6 V, in good…
Abstract The crystallization behavior of blow‐molded PET bottles, which helps determine the product's transparency, was investigated by DSC dynamic cooling experiments that simulated the cooling that occurs in the injection blow‐molding manufacturing process. Dynamic cooling crystallization of PET optimized the condit…
The issue of optimal catalyst distribution was studied experimentally for the ethylene epoxidation reaction network on a Ag/α-Al2O3catalyst in the presence of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE). For a fixed amount of silver, the influence of location and width of the catalytic layer on the conversion of ethylene, and on the sel…
Toughening mechanisms occurring in PP/PA6 (70 vol.-%/30 vol.-%) blends containing various amounts of SEBS-g-MA have been studied by in situ straining in a high voltage electron microscope (HVEM). Variation of volume fraction of compatibilizer (SEBS-g-MA) with constant PA6 content and reactive processing conditions giv…
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was utilized for the quantitative analysis of double-stranded (ds) DNA amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 4?, 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI), which intercalates into ds-DNA but does not form a complex with single-stranded (ss) DNA, was added to…
The influence of the pH of precipitation on the morphology and the nitrate retention of aluminas prepared from nitrate solutions has been investigated. pH control causes the BET surface area of γ-alumina to vary between 180 and 410 m 2 /g and determines the extent of microporosity within the aluminas. Particle sizes d…
Abstract For the development of technical applications of polymers from renewable resources, various biopolymers are being studied. In this paper, the opportunities for industrial proteins on this market are discussed e.g. for use in (technical) coatings, adhesives, surfactants and plastics. The use of protein modific…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTemplated Nucleation in a Dynamic Environment: Crystallization in Foam LamellaeBao-Dong Chen, Jan. J. Cilliers, Roger J. Davey, John Garside, and Edward T. WoodburnView Author Information Colloids, Crystals and Interfaces Group Department of Chemical Engineering UMIST,…
Synthetic gel and glass of illitic composition, natural kaolinite, and mixed-layer illite-smectite were used as starting materials for hydrothermal synthesis of ammonium illite. Ammonium illite was prepared from synthetic gel by hydrothermal treatment at 300°C. The onset of crystallization began within 3 h, and well-c…
2,2-Dibutyl-2-stanna-1,3-dioxacycloalkanes were prepared from dibutyltin oxide and 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol or 1,4-butanediol. These tin heterocycles reacted stoichiometrically with double molar amounts of γ-thiobutyrolactone by a stepwise insertion. In contrast to γ-thiobutyrolactone an excess of γ-thiocaprola…
The temperature dependence of the ultrasonic attenuation and velocity was measured in a ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{MnGa}$ single crystal in the temperature range from above a weakly first-order intermediate phase transition at ${T}_{I}\ensuremath{\sim}265\mathrm{K}$ down to the martensitic phase-transformation temperat…
Abstract Electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) is applicable to rare-earth elements ( REE ) in minerals with relatively high REE concentrations (e.g. hundreds of parts per million). However, given that each of the 14 REE has at least 12 X-ray lines in the L spectrum, finding peak-free regions for background measurement…
Hydrogen involvement in the process of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of pipelines in a dilute bicarbonate solution was studied. Hydrogen distributions in the steels were determined using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Results indicated hydrogen evolved from the solution, then diffused into the steels, and e…
Abstract The structure of a cubic Al 69.5 Pd 23.0 Mn 6.2 Si 1.3 phase, which is referred as a 2/1 approximant of an icosahedral phase, was determined by means of single crystal X-ray structural analysis: space group Pm 3 (No. 200), a = 20.211(2) Å, V = 8255.9(14) Å 3 , Mo K α , ( λ = 0.71069 Å); refined as Al 69.6 Pd…
Adsorption of CH 3 OH on Cu 2 O(111), ZnO(0001), and ZnO(10 1 0) has been investigated with XPS, NEXAFS, variable-energy photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), and SCF-Xα Scattered Wave (SW) molecular orbital calculations. At high coverage (≥25.0L), CH 3 OH is adsorbed as molecular multilayers on all three surfaces. At low…
Relatively strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) was observed in the lyotropic cholesteric phase of the poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate-co-γ-methyl L-glutamate) (PBMLG) in benzyl alcohol (BA) with application of an electric field. Using an SHG interferometry technique, we confirmed that the phase of SHG was reversed by re…