Materials Literature
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The polarization switching kinetics of epitaxial Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 thin films were investigated by measuring write pulse-width dependences of switched polarization ΔP(t) under various applied electric fields. It was found that ΔP(t) follows the predictions of the Kolmogorov–Avrami–Ishibashi model quite well. However, t…
Photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to study the products resulting from high temperature phase transformation of nanodiamonds (ND). Depending on the temperature of annealing various particles with a diamond core covered by nanometer sized fullerene-like shells, and onionlike carbon (OLC) were formed. Analysis of…
In this letter we present a calculation of the temperature-pressure phase diagram of Si in a range of pressures covering from -5 to 20 GPa and temperatures up to the melting point. The phase boundaries and triple points between the diamond, liquid, $β$-Sn and ${Si}_{34}$ clathrate phases are reported. We have employed…
A new procedure aiming at disentangling the instrumental profile broadening and the relevant X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) profile shape is presented. The technique consists of three steps: denoising by means of wavelet transforms, background suppression by morphological functions and deblurring by a Lucy--Richardso…
We present a mesoscopic model of the fluid-wall interactions for flows in microchannel geometries. We define a suitable implementation of the boundary conditions for a discrete version of the Boltzmann equations describing a wall-bounded single phase fluid. We distinguish different slippage properties on the surface b…
A rational approach to the design of supramolecular organogels of all-trans oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) (OPV) derivatives, a class of well-known organic semiconductor precursors, is reported. Self-assembly of these molecules induced gelation of hydrocarbon solvents at low concentrations (<1 mM), resulting in high aspe…
In nanoscale interdiffusion and reaction, a Kirkendall void in the core of a nanocrystal has been proposed to explain the formation of hollow nanosize particles in recent literature. We present here a simple kinetic analysis of the reaction in nanoparticles, including the effect of the Gibbs–Thomson potential. A gener…
A photochemical reduction of Au3+ with continuous 250-400 nm excitation is studied in ethylene glycol, and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is used as a capping material. After the absorption of Au3+ disappears, excitation is stopped. The surface plasmon absorption of gold as well as the thermal reappearance of the Au3+ a…
Two octacyanometallate-based clusters, {CoII9[WV(CN)8]6.(CH3OH)24}.19H2O (1) and {CoII9[MoV(CN)8]6.(CH3OH)24}.4CH3OH.16H2O (2), have been synthesized. Both complexes show the single-molecule magnet behavior.
The oxygen-exchange behavior has been studied in half-doped manganese and cobalt perovskite oxides. We have found that the oxygen diffusivity in Gd0.5Ba0.5MnO3−δ can be enhanced by orders of magnitude by inducing crystallographic ordering among lanthanide and alkali-earth ions in the A-site sublattice. Transformation…
Growing holes: With the aid of a new technique highly organized surface layers of TiO2 nanotubes that are open at one end (see picture) are formed by the anodization of titanium. The pore structure is determined by the pH gradient within the forming pore, this in turn is controlled by the electrochemical sweep rate an…
Trash content of raw cotton is a critical quality attribute. Therefore, accurate trash assessment is crucial for evaluating cotton’s processing and market value. Current technologies, including gravimetric and surface scanning methods, suffer from various limitations. Furthermore, worldwide, the most commonly used met…
The electrochemical synthesis in acid aqueous solution of the brown six-electron reduced β- and γ-12-tungstosilicates, abbreviated VI′, is described. Their mechanism of formation has been deduced from controlled potential electrolyses and polarographic analysis of the transformations. They are obtained by successive r…
Abstract Colquiriite‐type crystals like LiCaAlF 6 , LiSrAlF 6 , LiCaGaF 6 , and LiSrGaF 6 are interesting host crystals for Cr 3+ or Ce 3+ laser ion doping. Although the Ca compounds show interesting optical properties, the growth of these crystals is difficult due to incongruent melting. LiCaGaF 6 crystallizes with C…
Ordered YBa 2 Cu 3 O y nanowires have been fabricated by filling YBa 2 Cu 3 O y melting liquid into the pores of the anodized alumina templates. X-ray powder diffraction proves that YBa 2 Cu 3 O y nanowires crystallized in the Y-123 structure. The temperature dependence of ac susceptibility indicates a superconducting…
Abstract The effects of SEBS as a compatibilizer on the interfacial tension and rheological properties of LDPE/PS blend have been studied. Interfacial tension was measured by the breaking thread method. The measured interfacial tension of the LDPE/PS blend was 8.26 dyn/cm. It decreased rapidly with SEBS contents to 1…
The influence of interface porosity on the wetting properties of colloid-polymer mixtures is studied within density functional theory for the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model at the surface of a quenched hard-sphere matrix. While the porosity hardly changes the location of the transition from partial to complete wetting at c…
Abstract LiY 1‐ x Eu x F 4 ( x = 0; 0.1 nominally) crystals were obtained by a modified Bridgman‐Stockbarger technique. Europium was found to coexist in the LiYF 4 :Eu crystal in two valence states, Eu 3+ and Eu 2+ , the content of the latter being enhanced in the near‐to‐surface region. The presence of bulk divalent…
The ferroelectric properties of Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 and Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 thin films under applied uniaxial stress were investigated. It was observed in both films that the remnant polarization (Pr) increased with tensile stress, while it decreased with compressive stress. On the contrary, the coercive field (Ec) decr…
Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) nanowires and nanobelts have been successfully prepared via direct crystallization of amorphous Si 3 N 4 nanoparticles under high temperature in a N 2 flow. The products were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high‐reso…