Materials Literature
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The liquid crystals (LCs) form various types of nano- and micro- structures in a self-organized manner. In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out to develop novel types of optical functional materials and devices utilizing such self-organizing characteristics of the LCs. Based on the finite-difference ti…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano/microstructures have been attractive as the building blocks for the efficient opto-electronic devices in the ultraviolet (UV) region. We have succeeded in growing the ZnO micro/nanosphere by a simple laser ablation in the air, and therefore we have obtained UV lasing from the sphere under optical…
We review our work on hybrid gold nanoparticles that are optimized for their bright fluorescence and photobleaching resistance. Our first goal in using gold nanoparticles is to load a large density of photoactive molecules onto a biocompatible nanoplatform. Our second goal is to optimize the molecule-gold nanoparticle…
In III-V concentrator applications, sunlight is focused with wide angular distribution that limits the effectiveness of conventional thin-film AR coatings. Furthermore the transmission properties are generally degraded non-uniformly over the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the case of multi-junction solar cells lea…
This work describes the development of ZnO nanowire (NW) devices for ultraviolet detection and cost-effective gas sensing. A dielectrophoresis (DEP) flow cell fabricated for the integration of NWs on different substrates is presented. The system includes the possibility to set characteristic parameters such as alterna…
Plasmonic lenses are based on complex combinations of nanoscale high aspect ratio slits. We show that their design can be greatly simplified, keeping similar performance while releasing technological constraints. The simplified system, called Huygens lens, consists in a central aperture surrounded by several identical…
Anti-reflection(AR), a well-known technique of reducing unwanted reflections by applying an impedance matching layer, works for a specific wavelength and require the coating layer to be a quarter wavelength thick. A broadband operation of AR, however, is not fully understood except for the trial and error method. Here…
In this paper, we demonstrate an ultra-thin, low-loss optical metamaterial filter with high transmission and near constant group delay across a broad pass-band from 3.0 to 3.5μ m. Deep-subwavelength air hole inclusions positioned at the corners of a conventional metallodiectric fishnet were used engineer the dispersiv…
Using Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the structural characteristics of an interacting hard sphere system with shifted charge to elucidate the effect of the non-centrosymmetric interaction on its phase behavior. Two different phase transitions are identified for this model system. Upon increasing the volume fr…
The presentation will report nonelectrical poling behaviors of guest-host polymers, consisting of Disperse Red1 (DR1) and poly (methyl methacrylate) and related second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities. Our present experimental results found the emissions of the second harmonic generations from the polymer thin…
We successfully synthesized Er3+/Yb3+/Ce3+-codoped cubic phase NaYF4 nanocrystals with the size of ∼14 nm by a solvothermal method. Under the excitation of a 976 nm laser diode, the as-prepared nanocrystals showed strong 1530 nm emissions and weak visible emissions. With the addition of Yb3+ ions, both visible and nea…
An integrated hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric system has been developed using multiple layers of organic photosensitizers on inorganic semiconductors in order to efficiently convert UV-visible and IR energy into electricity. The hot anode of n-type ZnO nanowires was fabricated using a thermal process on pre-seeded…
As the GaN material research is reaching maturity with the phenomenal success in LED industry, there is now need to look beyond conventional epitaxy. In this paper we will summarize a few novel directions that we are pursuing. In the first part of this paper, we highlighted our effort to grow single crystal GaN on amo…
The properties of multiple reflections from narrow bandwidth reflection Bragg gratings are presented. The use of multiple reflections serves to increase the suppression ratio of the out-of-band spectral content such that contributions of grating sidelobes can be mitigated. The result is a device which retains spectral…
We study light absorption in ZnO nanorod arrays sensitized with CdSe quantum dots as one of the factors affecting solar cell performance in need of improvement given their current performance well below expectations. Light trapping in nanorod arrays (NRAs) as it relates to array density and length as well as quantum d…
Organic electro-optic polymer has low dielectric constant and high electro-optic coefficient, which is one of the perfect materials for making modulators with low loss and high bandwidth. In this paper, we synthesized a novel chromophore based on the 4-(diethylamino) salicylaldehyde electron donor and the rigid isolat…
After the public release of A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model in 2004 and detailed descriptions of its physics in a 2005 paper, the model has been constantly updated and developed to make it more versatile and to include more physical processes. This an overview of recent developments of the AMPT model. Ongoing wor…
The peculiar structure of the Landau levels (LLs) in topological insulators (TIs), in particular the existence of a field-independent (zeroth) LL, is a characteristic signature of the Dirac surface states. However, recently it has been shown that the hybridization between top and bottom surfaces in a 3D TI thin film m…
SUMMARY A new finite heterogeneous element consisting of sliced microstructures (FHES) is applied in a multi‒scale technique. The FHES represents a heterogeneous material with microscopic constituents without homogenization or microscopic finite element analysis. A representative volume element extracted from a hetero…
The aim of this thesis is to make an advance in the liquid metal embrittlement (LME) understanding, based on the experimental and numerical studies of the copper/mercury system. OFHC (Oxygen Free High Conductivity) copper embrittlement by liquid mercury is studied and quantified by toughness measures. Moreover, grain…