Materials Literature
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The basicity of refining slag,feeding sulphur wire and deoxidation process for a 45 t LF on control of sulphur,oxide content and sulphide in steel 28MnCr5(0.25～0.30C,0.60～0.80Mn,0.020～0.035S,0.80～1.00Cr) have been tested. Results showed that as feeding sulphur wire with basicity of LF refining slag-2.8~5. 1,the yield…
The amount of annual apparent consumption of stainless steel in China in 2005 was up to5220000 t, being 6 times the amount of annual apparent consumption in 1998,at the some time the amount of annual output of stainless steel in China increased to 3160000 t in 2005 from 220000 t in 1998 and the shortage was compensate…
The structure and precipitates of 0.05C-0. 13Nb steel deformed by 50% at different temperature between 950~750 ℃ have been studied by Gleeble- 1500D thermal simulation machine,SEM and TEM. Results showed that with deforming temperature decreasing from 950 ℃ to750 ℃,the polygonal ferite content(volume percent)in 0.05C-…
With using 60% hot metal + quality scrap charge,Consteel EAF eccentric bottom tapping operation,con- trolling tapping end [C] 0.035%～0.050% and tapping[P]≤0.012%,LF refining by low basicity slag,feeding silicon wire, soft blown argon for 15 min after LF refining and fully shielding auto control casting 150 mmx150 mm b…
The changes of matrix structure and precipitates of new maraging stainless steel 0.007C- 13Cr-7Ni4Mo- 4Co-2W at solid solution temperature 800～1200 ℃ have been studied by using thermodynamic calculation soft ware Thermo-Calc,and the structure of solid solution of maraging stainless steel was investigated by transmissi…
The effect of0～1.5% Nb on structure and mechanical properties of steel W3Mo2Cr4V(0.8~1. 1C,3.8 ~4. 1Cr,2.9~3.2W,1.8~2. 1Mo,1.0~1.3V)melted by 25 kg vacuum induction funace has been studied. Test results showed that with increasing Nb content the amount of niobium carbide in cast structure increased; quenching austenit…
Φ160 mm 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bar products are produced at Special Steel Works,Benxi Steel by 3t ESR ingot-800 primary mill blooming 190 mm×190 mm billet - four stand 650 tandem mill rolling process to replace original 3t ESR ingot -forging process.Practice indicated that production effciency,yield and surface…
The pressure difference between inlet and outlet of commercial size slot plug and velocity of gas at outlet have been measured in laboratory. It is obtained that the drag coefficient of plug is approximately equal to 44/Re, the flow condition is laminar flow, the drag coefficient is function of Reynolds number which i…
The φ140～170 mm bars of steel 37CrMnMo(0.35～0.38C,0.85～1.00Mn,0.90～1.20Cr,0.28~ 0.33Mo,≤0.015P,≤0.008S)for coupling sleeve of petroleum drill stem are produced by 50t EBT arc furnace-LF (VD)-Al and Ca-Si wire feeding-3.16 t ingot casting-800/650×4 mills rolling flow sheet at Benxi steel. Analyais and examination resul…
Application of lubrication technology for rolling process can not only decrease energy consumption and met- al loss in rolling process but also save water and decrease acid consumption.Effect of process rolling on bite in hot rolling and surface quality of cold rolling plate is presented. And application and effect of…
With application of a 50tEAF steelmaking terminal process control(TPC)at Special Steel Plant,Laiwu Steel, the end composition and temperature of steel and the yield of alloy are constant, and the overoxidation is eliminated or relieved to supply qualified molten steel for LF. With modelling operation in LF earlier, me…
Ferrite-bainite(F+B)microalloying steel0.06C-1.08Si- 1.64Mn-0.30Mo-0.039Nb-0.01Ti has been developed; continuous cooling transformation(CCT)diagram of 50% deformed test steel at 900 ℃ and with cooling rate 0.5～40 ℃/s was obtained by Cleeble-1500 thermal simulator,and phase transformation structure of deformed austenit…
We investigate the asymptotic properties of the large deviation function of the integrated particle current in systems, in or out of thermal equilibrium, whose dynamics exhibits anomalous diffusion. The physical systems covered by our study include mutually repelling particles with a drift, a driven lattice gas displa…
1D carbon nanotube FET (CNFET)-based circuits offer 4.6times faster FO4 speed and 12times energy-delay product improvement over 32nm node Si CMOS (including diameter and doping variations), provided circuits can be built that are immune to misaligned and metallic nanotubes. A design technique that guarantees correct l…
Ever since the discovery of heterogeneous gold catalysts for low-temperature oxidation reactions, the mechanism of O 2 dissociation on these materials has been controversial. We report Au L 3 -edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) data for an active Au/TiO 2 catalyst which indicate that fully reduced metal…
We present a theory which explains (in the quasistatic limit) the experimentally observed [R. Gordon, {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, 037401 (2004)] squared dependence of the depolarization ratio on the aspect ratio of the holes, as well as other features of extraordinary light transition. We calculated the ef…
Intrinsic and experimental mechanisms frequently lead to broadening of spectral features in excited-state spectroscopies. For example, intrinsic broadening occurs in x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements of heavy elements where the core-hole lifetime is very short. On the other hand, nonresonant x-ray Raman…
We have fabricated a lateral double barrier magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) which consists of a single self-assembled InAs quantum dot (QD) with ferromagnetic Co leads. The MTJ shows clear hysteretic tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect, which is evidence for spin transport through a single semiconductor QD. The TMR r…
Alkali-metal atoms (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), dimers, and $(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ monolayers on a graphite (0001) surface have been studied using density functional theory, pseudopotentials, and a periodic substrate. The adatoms bind at the hollow site (graphite hexagon), with Li lying closest to $(1.84\pha…
Oscillatory Zoning (OZ) is a phenomenon exhibited by many geologically formed crystals. It is characterized by quasiperiodic oscillations in the composition of a solid solution, caused by self-organization. We present a model for OZ. The growth mechanism applied includes species diffusion through the solution bulk, pa…