Materials Literature
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Abstract A crystallographic study of 13 specimens of diamonds with euhedral single-crystalline graphite inclusions in their centres is presented. All inclusions belong to the hexagonal graphite modification (space group P 6 3 / mmc ; a 0 ≈ 2.46 Å, c 0 ≈ 6.70 Å) and are up to 300 μm in diameter. Comparison of the measu…
Crack–opening displacement (COD) measurements were performed on a commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The intrinsic fracture toughness (or crack–tip toughness) of this material was determined using a new evaluation procedure, which takes into account the near–tip CODs and complete crack profile CODs. The crack–t…
Abstract The mechanical properties and crystal morphological structures of dynamically photocrosslinked polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM) blends have been studied by mechanical tests, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorime…
Polymer-nano-metallic-particle composites have demonstrated technological potential due to their unique optical and electrical properties. Herein, we report on composites prepared via physical vapor deposition of silver metal onto pliable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymer. Rapid Ag diffusion and nano-metallic-part…
Post-steam-treatment is a facile and effective method for improving the catalytic performances of Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts in methane dehydroaromatization under nonoxidative conditions. The treatment can enhance the stability of the catalyst and also give a higher methane conversion and a higher yield of light aromatics, a…
Abstract Separating particles from the liquid in which they are suspended is often an important step in processing multiphase materials such as suspensions and emulsions. We describe a new method to separate neutrally buoyant particles from viscous liquids. The method is based on the low Reynolds number motion of free…
Aulacoseira subarctica f. subborealis differs from A. subarctica var. subarctica by a number of morphological features (smaller linking spines without areolae on their base, shorter spine grooves, discus always areolated, shallower mantle and different 'Formwechsel', considerably finer structure, rimoportula on the in…
Chitosan was covalently coupled to type I collagen by using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide in morpholinoethane sulfonic acid buffer. The physico-chemical characteristics of the collagen/chitosan matrices (CCM) were evaluated by electron spectroscopy and tensile mechanical strength. The platelet deposit…
Abstract Thermal power stations that use pulverized coal as fuel generate large quantities of fly ash, resulting in environmental and disposal problems. Increasing demand for power leads to a greater use of coal and hence a further increase in the quantity of fly ash. These problems can be solved if the fly ash is put…
Abstract Traditional food preservatives, sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, potassium sorbate and sodium lactate, were incorporated into synthetic plastics, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), poly(maleic acid‐co‐olefine), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aimed at producing antimicrobial packaging mat…
Abstract An unsymmetrical diamine monomer 4‐( p ‐aminophenoxy)‐3‐trifluoromethyl‐4′‐aminobiphenyl has been synthesized successfully. This monomer leads to the synthesis of different novel poly(ether imide)s when reacted with different dianhydrides like pyromellatic dianhydride (PMDA), benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid…
Biomineralization produces crystals of elaborate shapes, never seen in inorganic mineralogy, with tightly regulated compositions and axis orientations. The calcite coccoliths produced by unicellular marine algae provide an example of such control at very tiny scales. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of two species provid…
Dielectric spectroscopy of two room temperature chiral liquid crystal mixtures (W-96 and W-97) have been carried out in the frequency range of 100 mHz–10 MHz. Low frequency dielectric relaxation modes corresponding to collective behavior of molecules (Goldstone- and soft-modes) in the SmC* phase have been found to be…
Abstract The concentrations and temperatures of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) gel solutions exhibited a significant influence on their rheological and spinning properties. The shear viscosities of UHMWPE solutions increased consistently with increasing concentrations at a constant temperature above…
It is thought that the nuclear nonchromatin structures, such as the nuclear matrix and lamina, play regulatory roles in gene expression. In this study, we identified an insoluble protein that was associated with the chromatin-depleted nuclear structure of proliferating human leukemia HL-60 cells. Preparation of the ch…
The physical mechanism for the all-dielectric reflection gratings to achieve high efficiency in the -1st-order Littrow mounting is studied. The all-dielectric gratings consist of two parts, a surface-relief grating and a highly reflecting dielectric stack. The surface-relief grating sits on top of the reflecting stack…
Reaction equilibrium constants for the sulfate decomposition process, which releases oxygen and sulfur oxide gas in soda–lime–silica glass melts, have been determined. The chemical solubility of SO 2 , probably in the form of sulfite ions in soda–lime–silica melts, has also been determined. The chemical solubility val…
Design rules were developed for the layout of copper Damascene interconnect layers to minimize the within-die resistance variation. The impact of various layout configurations on the metal sheet resistance was characterized using two different test vehicles. An increase in resistance was observed on wide lines and hig…
The effect of the B‐site cation chemistry and ordering on the dielectric properties of solid solutions in the (1− x )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –Pb(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 (PMN‐PSN) perovskite system was examined in samples with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. Thermal annealing treatments were effective in inducing long‐range B‐site order in th…
Three-dimensional numerical simulations are performed of freckling during directional solidification of a binary metal alloy. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the sensitivity of the predictions to the grid resolution. Detailed results are provided for the liquid concentration, solid fraction, and liquid velocit…