Materials Literature
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In this letter, we develop a mode-coupling theory for a class of nonlinear Langevin equations with multiplicative noise using a field-theoretic formalism. These equations are simplified models of realistic colloidal suspensions. We prove that the derived equations are consistent with the fluctuation–dissipation theore…
A simple method to construct composite microparticles consisting of porous-silicon one-dimensional photonic crystals infused with a polymer is described. The particles (see Figure) are generated by spray-coating a fine mist of polymer solution onto a photonic crystal layer and then removing the uncoated material by ch…
UV or visible excitation for ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{2+}$-doped ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{3}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ crystals produces broadband luminescence with peak wavelengths of 510 and 590 nm, respectively. The intensities of the long-lasting phosphorescence were measured as…
Optoelectronic properties of single CdS nanobelts are investigated by performing transport measurements with different laser ON/OFF circles. The current increases linearly with the bias voltage in the dark, and superlinearly under illumination. The superlinear increase can be related to the enhanced mobility due to th…
A series of electron donor-acceptor (DA) dyads, composed of a porphyrin donor and a fullerene acceptor covalently linked with two molecular chains, were used to fabricate solid molecular films with the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. By means of the LB technique, the DA molecules can be oriented perpendicular to the…
A novel method to prepare ultrathin, freestanding polyelectrolyte films in pores, without the need of sacrificial precursor coatings, has been developed (see Figure). The freestanding films are stable under ambient conditions and suited for additional electrostatic self-assembly or surface modification. They can be sp…
A synthetic analogue of a naturally occurring enzyme has been produced by grafting appropriate nucleophilic and hydrogen-bonding functionalities to gold nanoparticles via self-assembled monolayers (see Figure and cover). The synthetic analogue mimics silicatein proteins, which act as both catalysts and templates for f…
The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) over cotton fibres is reported. Cotton fibres offer unique challenges to the deposition of nanolayers because of their unique cross section as well as the chemical heterogeneity of their surface. Cati…
Magnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO strongly depend on sample preparation and annealing. While the samples sintered in air at 500°C show ferromagnetism at room temperature, those sintered at 900°C are paramagnetic. The samples sintered in vacuum show a ferromagnetic transition at 45K, which is attributed to ferrimagne…
Abstract This article describes, in narrative style, the research of the author and his associates, performed over a period of 30 years, that led to the identification and quantification of the anomalous structures in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and to detailed descriptions of their mechanisms of formation. Also examin…
The synthesis and characterization of two families of ionic liquid crystal dendrimers consisting of the ammonium salts of the commercially available poly(amidoamine) (G = 0-5) and poly(propylene imine) (G = 1-5) dendrimers and three long-chain carboxylic acids are reported. The liquid crystalline behavior was investig…
Ternary intermetallic compounds, which possess a wide variety of important properties with both academic and technological relevance, are typically synthesized using traditional high-temperature methods. Here, we demonstrate that the polyol method, which is used extensively to synthesize nanocrystals and nanocrystalli…
Photochemical modulation of the selective reflection of cholesteric liquid crystals over a wide range of the visible spectrum is achieved using the E–Z photoisomerization of compounds that have multiple chiral sites and azobenzene groups in the same molecule. The aspect ratio of the photoisomerizable compounds is impo…
Cap-shaped metal nanoparticles (see Figure) have optical spectra with significant absorption in the infrared. Such shapes, produced by physical vapor deposition onto a polymer-particle template, can be readily separated from one another provided that deposition is carried out at an inclination to the plane of the temp…
We present the exact solutions of various directed walk models of polymers confined to a slit and interacting with the walls of the slit via an attractive potential. We consider three geometric constraints on the ends of the polymer and concentrate on the long chain limit. Apart from the general interest in the effect…
The current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics of self assembled monolayers of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) chemisorbed on the native oxide surface of p+-doped Si demonstrate the excellent tunnel dielectric behavior of organic monolayers down to 3 carbon atoms. The J-V characteristics of MPTMS SAMs on S…
The discovery of quasicrystals phases and approximants in Al(rich)-Mn system has revived the interest for complex aluminides containing transition-metal atoms. On one hand, it is now accepted that the Hume-Rothery stabilization plays a crucial role. On the other hand, transition-metal atoms have also a very important…
Super-Arrhenius relaxation rates in glassy materials can be associated with thermally activated rearrangements of increasing numbers of molecules at decreasing temperatures. We explore a model of such a mechanism in which stringlike fluctuations in the neighborhood of shear transformation zones provide routes along wh…
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of p(2x2) Cs and Na ordered overlayers on Cu(111) reveals similar line widths of quasi two-dimensional quantum well states despite largely different binding energies. Detailed calculations show that 50% of the line widths are due to electron-phonon scattering while inelastic electron-el…
We report that Bi doping drives Pr$_x$Bi$_{2-x}$Ru$_2$O$_7$ from an antiferromagnetic insulator ($x=2$) to a metallic paramagnet ($x\approx 1$) with a broad low $T$ maximum in $C/T$. Neutron scattering reveals local low energy spin excitations ($\hbarω\approx 1$ meV) with a spectrum that is unaffected by heating to $k…