Materials Literature
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We show that linear polarized x-ray-absorption spectroscopy can be used to measure the temperature and thickness dependence of magnetic moments in NiO thin films. We demonstrate that both the long-range order and the nearest-neighbor spin-spin correlations can be revealed. NiO (100) films with thicknesses of 5, 10, an…
The freezing process in lead magnesium niobate (PMN) has been investigated by measurements of the frequency-dependent complex dielectric constant and its third harmonic component. The linear complex dielectric susceptibility was analyzed by a temperature-frequency plot in order to determine the temperature dependence…
Dendrimer-like star polymers, a novel type of molecular architecture, have been synthesized. The architecture of the new polymers resembles that of three-dimensional spherical dendrimers as well as classical star polymers. The controlled structures, based on aliphatic polyesters, are synthesized by a divergent growth…
Cathepsin K (EC 3.4.22.38) is a recently described enzyme that has been shown to cleave type I collagen in its triple helix. The aim of this study was to determine if it also cleaves type II collagen in the triple helix and to identify the helical cleavage site(s) in types I and II collagens. Soluble human and bovine…
Abstract A new class of thermally irreversible and fatigue resistant photochromic molecules named diarylethenes has been developed. Theoretical consideration based on the state correlation diagrams of electrocyclic reactions revealed that the thermal irreversibility is attained by introducing aryl groups that have low…
When a thin film is deposited by physical vapor deposition, with the vapor flux arriving at an oblique angle from the substrate normal, and under conditions of sufficiently limited adatom mobility to create a columnar microstructure, the resulting structure is somewhat porous and grows at an angle inclined toward the…
A general strategy is described for inducing magnetostriction in ferromagnetic martensitic materials. An analysis of domain redistribution caused by a magnetic field is given, and certain relations between material constants that promote this effect are described. These relations suggest a ‘constrained theory of magne…
Graphite nanofibers are a novel material that is produced from the dissociation of carbon-containing gases over selected metal surfaces. The solid consists of very small graphite platelets, 30−500 Å in width, which are stacked in a perfectly arranged conformation. We have discovered that the material is capable of sor…
An aspect of metal oxides, colossal magnetoresistance exhibited by certain manganese oxides, in particular rare-earth manganates of perovskite structure, has received much attention in recent years. Some of these oxides show 100 per cent magnetoresistance, and have potential for technological applications. This text b…
Laser photolysis of nitritomanganese(III) tetraphenylporphyrin, Mn III TPP(ONO) ( 1 ), in degassed toluene gives manganese(II) tetraphenylporphyrin, Mn II TPP ( 2 ), plus NO 2 . The quantum yield, Φ, for the formation of Mn II TPP is dependent on the excitation wavelength: Φ = 0.045 at 355 nm and Φ = 0.0064 at 532 nm.…
Abstract Innovations in crystallographic instrumentation and the rapid development of methods of diffraction measurement have led to a vast improvement in our ability to determine crystal and molecular structure. This up-to-date resource will allow the reader to harness the potential of X-ray diffraction instruments.…
We report here the use of sulfonated fullerene derivatives and dendrimers with multiple −(O)SO 3 H groups as protonic acid dopants for polyaniline emeraldine base (PANI-EB). While doping of PANI-EB films with the sulfonated dendrimers gives conductivities up to ca. 10 S/cm, the hydrogensulfated fullerenol-doped materi…
Polymers with amidine groups NHCRN in the main chain were prepared by acid catalysed melt polycondensation of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (DAPM) with various orthoesters. The resulting polyamidines were characterized by 1H-, 13C- and 15N-NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry…
The new one-dimensional quaternary thiophosphate K3CeP2S8 has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The structure consists of one-dimensional 1∞[CeP2S8]3- chains separated from one another by K+ cations. The linear chains are built upon an infinite 1D array of 9-fold sulfur coordinated CeIII polyhedra on wh…
Melt-miscible polymer blends of poly(ethylene oxide)/atactic poly(methyl methacrylate (PEO/a-PMMA)) were prepared by melt-mixing and characterized by pressure–volume–temperature (PVT) dilatometry in the pressure and temperature range of 0 to 200 MPa and 20 to 200°C, respectively. The PVT data were analyzed in terms of…
Cross-linkable poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP) films were cast from toluene solutions containing PTMSP and either 4,4′-diazidobenzophenone or 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenyl azide. The composite films were clear and homogeneous and were cross-linked by UV irradiation at room temperature or thermal a…
A series of azobenzene chromophore-functionalized polyelectrolytes have been synthesized by a post-azo-coupling reaction. An epoxy-based precursor polymer (CH-AN) was synthesized by the reaction of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether (CH) with aniline (AN). For comparison purposes, another epoxy-based precursor…
We have developed epoxy-based, water-soluble azo polymers containing ionizable groups in the azobenzene functionality. We describe a novel approach of the noncentrosymmetric self-assembly of azobenzene chromophores in these polymers through a layer-by-layer deposition technique. The polymers in solution function as po…
Plasma polymer films were deposited from methyl methacrylate (MMA) vapor under various plasma conditions and XPS and FTIR used to study the changes to the compositions of the films as they were stored in air for longer than 1 year. The plasma power input per monomer mass unit (W/FM) markedly affected the composition o…
The authors have succeeded in fabricating low-loss tellurite-based Er3+-doped fibre for low noise 1.5 µm broadband EDFAs by developing high-purity TeO2 as a raw material. The background loss of the fibre is reduced to 0.054 dB/m at 1200 nm. A 20 dB signal bandwidth of 83 nm from 1528 to 1611 nm, and a low flat noise f…