Materials Literature
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Bulk metallic glass composites containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are reported (see Figure). The composites are found to have strong ultrasonic wave‐absorption abilities, which increase dramatically with increasing volume fraction of CNTs. This ability implies that such composites, besides their excellent mechanical p…
The rotational diffusion equation for a dipole in the presence of an oscillating field is solved by expansion of the orientational distribution function in terms of Legendre polynomials and harmonics. The nonlinear response of the average dipole moment is studied as a function of field strength and frequency. Outside…
Fast‐response large‐area plastic infrared detectors (see Figure (Wheatstone bridge configuration)) made from a conducting PEDOT/PSS film achieve a detectivity close to 10 5 cm √Hz W –1 at 1.18 eV. The nanosecond response arises from the direct absorption of infrared light by the charge carriers on the polymer chain. T…
The field‐induced formation of an antiferroelectric “banana mesophase” (SmCP A ), which can be observed at up to 9 K above the transition SmCP → isotropic, is reported. This behavior may be due to the existence of ferroelectric clusters already in the isotropic liquid that are aligned by means of the external electric…
A new mesostructured silica was regenerated through nanocasting of highly ordered mesoporous carbon templates, which had themselves been prepared by template replication of a MCM-48 mesoporous silica host. This newly regenerated silica HUM-1 represents a new structural type with periodic mesostructured order never rep…
Preface. Acknowledgements. About the Author. Hydrocolloid adhesives. Hydrocolloid coatings. Dry Macro --and liquid --core hydrocolloid capsules. Multi--layered hydrocolloid products. Hydrocolloids in flavor encapsulation. Immobilization for food and biotechnological purposes. Texturization of vegetative materials. Hyd…
Hybrid organic/inorganic sol−gel materials have been synthesized by carboxylic acid solvolysis of (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane or ureasil precursors. The hybrid nature of these gels is expanded with the introduction of silica esters. A main feature of the ensuing materials is the formation of hybrid organic/inorganic…
Surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) from clay nanoparticles was compared between surface-bound mono- and bicationic free radical initiators. Distinct properties in molecular weight (MW), extent of exfoliation, and particle morphology were observed as a consequence of using two different initiator architectures. X-r…
The synthesis and characterization of the novel systems [Zn(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Zn(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)O(42)(H(2)O)].9H(2)O (1), [Cd(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Cd(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)O(42)(Br)].9H(2)O (2), and [Zn(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Zn(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)…
Hexagonal CaCO 3 vaterite particles with intracrystalline gelatin were obtained from calcium nitrate and urea in the presence of gelatin. The particles have the crystallographic nature of vaterite (see Figure: an SEM image). Detailed analysis indicates that the crystals grow from vaterite nanocrystals by self‐oriented…
The preparation of CdSe nanocrystal quantum dot (NQD)–titania nanocomposites (see Figure) exhibiting large NQD packing densities and high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies is described. These new materials show both large third‐order nonlinear susceptibilities and optical gain. Furthermore, micro‐ring lasing and…
A new class of alkyl-chain-appended pyrene derivatives 4-14 were synthesized and evaluated for their gelation abilities. Depending on the nature of the linking group, these compounds gelated a number of organic solvents, either in the presence or in the absence of the acceptor molecule 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF).…
Low‐density bimodal inorganic oxide monoliths (see Figure) have been prepared via a two‐step procedure using macroporous polystyrene foams and amphiphilic block copolymer structure‐directing agents. The resulting meso/macroporous inorganic framework structures could be obtained with different 3D bulk shapes and for a…
The nucleation pathway for single-wall carbon nanotubes on a metal surface is demonstrated by a series of total energy calculations using density functional theory. Incorporation of pentagons at an early stage of nucleation is energetically favorable as they reduce the number of dangling bonds and facilitate curvature…
The process of miniemulsification allows the generation of small, homogeneous, and stable droplets containing monomer or polymer precursors and magnetite which are then transferred by polymer reactions to the final polymer latexes, keeping their particular identity without serious exchange kinetics involved. It is sho…
Highly efficient and tunable electron acceptors composed of a diverse family of 2,5‐dihydrofuran derivatives have been synthesized using single‐mode focused microwave irradiation. A very large electro‐optic coefficient and long‐term temporal stability (see Figure) have been demonstrated in a host/guest system composed…
Foldable polymers with alternating single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid and planar conjugated organic perylene tetracarboxylic diimide units were found to self-organize into loosely folded nanostructures. Upon heating, the loosely folded structures become more ordered as evidenced by pi-stacking in the perylene segment…
A comprehensive transport study, as a function of both temperature and magnetic field in continuous magnetic fields up to 45 T reveals that URu2Si2 possesses all the essential hallmarks of quantum criticality at temperatures above 5.5 K and fields around 38 T, but then collapses into multiple low temperature phases in…
Magnetic anisotropy has been measured for the ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 perovskite from an analysis of the high-field part of the magnetization vs. field curves, i.e., the magnetic saturation regime. These measurements give a magnetic anistropy one order of magnitude higher than that of reference manganites. Surpri…
The rapidly developing field of ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors, where a semiconductor host is magnetically doped by transition metal impurities to produce a ferromagnetic semiconductor (e.g. Ga_{1-x}Mn_xAs with x ~ 1-10 %), is discussed with the emphasis on elucidating the physical mechanisms underl…