Materials Literature
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“Sierra Elvira stone” is one of the ornamental building stones most widely used in the historical monuments of eastern Andalusia. A Liassic age limestone, it appears in the central section of the Baetic Mountains and more specifically in the Middle Subbaetic domain. While the most common variety is a crinoid limestone…
The modern challenges for membrane separations in a wide range of processes require more sophisticated approaches for the detection and remediation of fouling, i.e., the association of solutes, particulate matter, and colloids on and/or within a membrane. Most commonly, fouling is assessed from inferred measurements o…
The high temperature oxidation behavior of two ferritic stainless steels type AISI 430A and AISI 430E is examined at low oxygen pressure and high temperatures. The AISI 430A steel is ferritic up to 860 °C. Above this temperature, this steel is bi-phased: presence of austenite and ferrite phases. The 430E steel is stab…
Portland cement-based materials are present in our everyday life. Over the last two decades, important developments have been made to improve their mechanical strength, mainly through microstructural design. In addition, another promising parameter still remains in the early stages of understanding: that of adhesion.…
According to some estimates, world's population growth is expected about 50% over the next 50 years. Thus, one of the greatest challenges faced by Engineering is to find effective options to food storage and conservation. Some researchers have investigated how to design durable buildings for storing and conserving foo…
Hg based superconducting ceramics present the highest critical temperatures ever reported, particularly the phase 1223 with the highest Tc so far obtained -135 K. However, these compounds are obtained by a complex synthesis route and suffer degradation at ambient atmosphere. This disadvantage may be overcome by doping…
Cr3C2-Ni20Cr coatings have been used for corrosion and wear resistant applications. However, one of the shortcomings of these coatings is its low hardness, and consequent low wear resistance, for long term high temperature applications. Nanostructured coatings of many materials have exhibited higher hardness and stren…
Two types of ornamental stones, namely granite (Blanco Rafaela or Zarzalejo Granite) and microcrystalline limestone (marble known commercially as Gris Pulpis), treated for different surface finishes, were tested for suitability as paving slabs. The finishes tested in both stones were polishing, hammering, honing and f…
Due to the irreparable damage it can cause, fire is one of the major risks to buildings. Recent studies on the effects of fire tend to focus on micro-scale analysis, addressing questions such as micro-cracking or mineralogical or chemical changes that are particularly relevant to listed buildings. The fire simulation…
Our objective is to demonstrate an electrospun fibrinogen-PDO (polydioxanone) composite scaffold will retain the superior cellular interaction of fibrinogen while producing a product with the functional strength needed for direct implantation. Fibrinogen-PDO composite scaffolds were electrospun with PDO ratios of 0% (…
The main building stone in the Maltese Islands is the Globigerina Limestone, of which the Lower member is commonly used. This occurs in two types, the durable franka and the more easily weathered soll. Two types of fresh franka (bajda -white- and safra -yellow-), as well as fresh soll stone blocks, were obtained, base…
This article summarizes a series of artificial weathering tests run on granite designed to: simulate the action of weathering agents on buildings and identify the underlying mechanisms, determine the salt resistance of different types of rock; evaluate consolidation and water-repellent treatment durability; and confir…
The patterns of colour on stone buildings change with time. Buildings were blackened by coal soot, but now mostly diesel particles and in future, wind-driven rain may alter the patterns and oxidation of surface organics. Colouring patterns that outline or shadow architectural elements are publicly more acceptable than…
A methodology is presented to invert the flow equation of a Herschel-Bulkley fluid in Couette concentric cylinder geometry, thus enabling simultaneous computation of the true shear rates, γ̇HB, and of the three Herschel-Bulkley rheological parameters. The errors made when these rheological parameters are computed usin…
The overall goal of this project is to develop High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter media, using conventional fiber spinning techniques, with lower pressure drop than current media through the use of shaped fibers. Capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fibers are gaining interest for use in a range of separation…