Materials Literature
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SrO films were grown on LaAlO3 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The evolution of the RHEED pattern is discussed as a function of film thickness. 500Å thick SrO films were relaxed and exhibited RHEED patterns in…
FeS polycrystalline thin films were prepared on float glass at 500°C by radio-frequency reactive sputtering. The influence of vacuum annealing on the metal-semiconductor transition of FeS films was investigated. It has been found that with the increase of the annealing temperature from 360to600°C, the metal-semiconduc…
The authors characterize the detailed interface structure of Ni-catalyzed vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for interconnect applications. Stacked graphitic layers and cup-shape structures of CNFs around the interface region have been observed using high-…
Configurations and diffusion of crystal defects are studied in a two-dimensional colloidal model system in the presence of an attraction. Monomer vacancies are immobile and have identical symmetry with the underlying triangular lattice. Both dimer vacancies and trimer vacancies have two different configurations and th…
Single-nanorod spectroscopy at low temperature is used to study the exciton states of individual CdSe∕ZnS core-shell nanorods. By analyzing the LO-phonon assisted recombination the authors may distinguish between charged and exchange-splitted excitons. Four different types of single-nanorod emission spectra are found…
The corrosion inhibition of some sulfated water soluble natural polymer (carrageenan) compounds on the corrosion of iron in 1M HCl was studied using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization measurements. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of inhibitor and with de…
The authors report the effects of Cs doping on the field emission properties of a five-shell single carbon nanotube. The chiral indices of each shell of this carbon nanotube have been determined using nanobeam electron diffraction, which has four semiconducting shells and one metallic shell in the middle. From the Fow…
A study of crack patterns in laponite films of different thickness is presented. Two cracking regimes are observed. The earlier, with a higher rate of desiccation and shrinking, has predominantly 4-fold vertices in the crack network, while the later regime has less volume shrinking and forms mainly 3-fold vertices. Th…
Zn 1 − x Mg x O films were grown by radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering using mixture of nitrogen and argon as sputtering gases. It was found that Mg concentration, structures, electrical properties, and band gaps of the films can be tuned by changing nitrogen partial pressure ratio of the sputtering gases.…
The elastic deformation of nanometer-sized metal crystals is achieved by encapsulating them in carbon nanotubes or carbon onions. Electron irradiation of these core-shell particles leads to high pressure in their center due to a shrinkage of the graphitic shells. Pressures in the range of 10–30GPa are found by measuri…
X-ray diffraction studies of nanomolybdenum and nanonickel were conducted using a synchrotron source under nonhydrostatic compression up to pressures of 37 and 56GPa, respectively. No phase transitions were found up to the maximum pressure studied. Bulk modulus and its pressure derivative were calculated from the pres…
The effect of an externally applied electric field in single-walled carbon nanotubes was studied using a thin-film transistor configuration. Under the electric field, the optical spectra displayed redshifts and broadening. These phenomena present evidence of the Stark effect in single-walled carbon nanotubes. The find…
The field-dependent complex impedance (CI) spectroscopy is employed to clarify the origins of ac magnetoimpedance (MI) effects at room temperature near the conduction threshold of [La0.67Sr0.33MnO3(113)]1−x∕[La1.67Sr1.33Mn2O7(327)]x composites. The field-dependent CI spectra in 113-327 granular composites are further…
Ionic size is considered to be an important factor influencing the unit cell volume of manganites with an ABO3 structure. For La1−xSrxMnO3, however, although the average effective ion radius of all cations taken together increases with increasing x, the unit cell volume decreases for x<0.5. In the case of La1−x…
The lattice strain distributions of epitaxial SrTiO3 films deposited on LaAlO3 were investigated by in situ x-ray diffraction at the temperature range of 25–300K, grazing incident x-ray diffraction, and high resolution x-ray diffraction. The nearly linear temperature dependence of the out-of-plane lattice constant of…
Magnetostriction “jump” effect often occurs in ferromagnetic materials. However, in this letter, the jump effect is observed in antiferromagnetic face-centered-cubic austenitic polycrystalline Mn42Fe58 alloy at room temperature. The magnetostriction under an applied field of 1.0T is 169ppm parallel to the field. The j…
The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the pitting corrosion resistance of anodized Al and Al-Mg alloy was investigated by electrochemical techniques in a solution containing 0.2 mol/L of AlCl3 and by surface analysis. The time required for initiating pitting corrosion of anodized Al was longer with EC…
Doping strongly influences the properties of ferroelectric perovskite materials. One striking difference between donor- and acceptor-doped materials is the transition from “soft” to “hard” ferroelectric behavior. The physical reasons for this phenomenon are still unclear. The authors present measurements of the ferroe…
Raman spectra of ZnS:Cu,Cl powders show a structural transition from hexagonal to cubic and a crystal growth with increasing Cu addition (>400ppm), which is supposed to result from Cu incorporation or CuxS precipitation. The redshift of longitudinal optical mode in ZnS:Cu,Cl with increased amounts of Cu suggest…
Using the first-principles method combined with the anharmonic oscillator model, the electronic, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of four C3N4 polymorphs are investigated. The calculations show that the third-order susceptibilities and nonlinear refractive indices increase with the increase of volume of C3N4 p…