Materials Literature
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Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics were co‐fired with pure Ag powders at 1200°C for 1 h, and the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of the resultant PZT/Ag composites were evaluated, aimed at potential applications in functionally graded piezoelectric actuators with enhanced mechanical reliabilities. In th…
This study reports a novel approach, based on the method of laser induced pattern transfer, that can deposit patterned carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission cathodes on a variety of substrates at room temperature and in an ambient environment. Tests of emission characteristics of the fabricated cathodes present favoura…
Nanoscale globular platinum dendrites were synthesized by chemical reduction of platinum complexes with ascorbic acid in aqueous micellar solutions. The dendritic platinum nanostructures can be reproducibly prepared on a gram scale, allowing their characterization by N 2 adsorption as well as transmission electron mic…
The mechanisms of exciton dissociation and migration in the conjugated polymer (poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl)(hexyloxy)1,4-phenylenevinylene))(MEH-PPV)/CdSe nanoparticle hybrid materials were investigated by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Rapid exciton dissociation at the nanoparticle/pol…
Amorphous silicon nitride is a model system for a covalently bound amorphous solid with a low atomic mobility where reasonable values of self-diffusivities are still lacking. We used neutron reflectometry on isotope enriched ${\mathrm{Si}}_{3}\text{ }^{14}\mathrm{N}_{4}/{\mathrm{Si}}_{3}\text{ }^{15}\mathrm{N}_{4}$ mu…
Grain growth behavior and solid‐state single crystal growth (SSCG) in the Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –35 mol% PbTiO 3 (PMN–35PT) system have been investigated with varying Li 2 O/PbO ratios. The effect of dislocation density on crystal growth has also been studied. For SSCG, a BaTiO 3 single‐crystal seed was embedded in a…
We propose an algorithm to locate individual entanglements along chains, equilibrated using the bond-fluctuation lattice model. The algorithm identifies entanglements as local deviations of the primitive path from the shortest possible path between beads on a chain that are on lattice sites. For well-entangled chains…
The agglomeration of l -ornithine aspartate crystallized by the drowning-out method was investigated in a turbulent agitated semi-batch reactor. To modify the agglomeration conditions, the crystallization operating factors, including the agitation, feed flow rate, feed concentration, and drowning ratio (volume ratio o…
Unidirectional C/SiC composites were successfully prepared by hot pressing at 1850°C under 20 MPa, using different fiber volume fractions (from 28 vol% to 55 vol%) as reinforcement. The densification process of the composites became increasingly difficult with increasing fiber volume fraction, and some small pores wer…
The mesoscopic morphologies of linear and graft fluorinated block copolymers of ABCBA and C:BA types, respectively, have been investigated by using dissipative particle dynamics method. Self-assembly in a selective solvent has been examined by the introduction of dimethylformamide as the choice of solvent. By comparin…
We report matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and off-line coupling of size-exclusion chromatography with MALDI-TOFMS analysis (SEC/MALDI-TOFMS) methods for the detailed characterization of poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-L-lactic acid], P[(R,S)-3HB-co-LA], and po…
We present ab initio full-potential density functional calculations of the electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.0625}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.9375}\mathrm{O}$. We show that it is likely for Ti to order ferromagnetically in $\mathrm{ZnO}$, forming a dilute magnetic semiconductor, in agreement with experiment. The ferromag…
This paper addresses the damage and fracture issues of glass and ceramic materials used in solid oxide fuel cells. Analyses of an internal crack and of an interface crack between dissimilar materials were conducted using a modified boundary layer modeling approach. In this approach, fracture is allowed to occur in a s…
An analytical theory has been developed, based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, describing the kinetics of isothermal phase transformations proceeding by nucleation and subsequent growth for $d\text{\ensuremath{-}}1$ dimensional growth in $d$ dimensional space (with $d$ 2 or 3). This type of growth is of interest sinc…
We have developed a novel technique to precisely determine the Raman enhancement factor in single nanoplasmonic resonators (TNPRs). TNPRs are lithographically defined metallodielectric nanoparticles composed of two silver disks stacked vertically, separated by a silica layer. At resonance, the local electromagnetic fi…
A systematic investigation of the stress‐dependent (σ) electromechanical properties of various ferroelectric ceramics and single crystals has been performed. Studies have been carried out on “hard” and “soft” piezoelectrics, electrostrictive ceramics, and various orientations of (1− x )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –( x ) PbT…
Crystal structures of several members of the nonphosphorylating CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family have shown that the peculiar binding mode of the cofactor to the Rossmann fold results in a conformational flexibility for the nicotinamide moiety of the cofactor. This has been hypothesized to constitu…
The packaging and chemical stability of both conventional and highly crosslinked polyethylene (PE) components available for clinical use in Italy were analyzed. A total of 100 sterilized PE components were entered by 18 orthopedic manufacturers into the study. Six of the manufacturers were Italian and the remaining we…
We demonstrate the ability to use a photolithographic method to make patterned nanocrystal film for device applications. Exposing a nanocrystal film to strong UV light allowed the oleic acid ligands on the surface of the nanocrystals to form an insoluble cross-linked network while the unexposed areas were still solubl…
We describe a simple method for separating carbon nanotubes on the basis of their mesogenicity by fractionating biphasic aqueous suspensions within the Flory chimney of the lyotropic phase diagram. Macroscopic phase separation occurs on centrifuging the biphasic nanotube suspension or allowing it to stand. Long, strai…